Selenium Deficiency-Induced Inflammation and Increased Expression of Regulating Inflammatory Cytokines in the Chicken Gastrointestinal Tract

Abstract

Selenium (Se), a nutritionally essential trace element, plays an important role in various aspects of health for a wide range of species, including birds. Se deficiency inhibits the growth of immune organs and decreases immune function, leading to many inflammatory diseases. The present study determined the effects and mechanism of dietary Se deficiency on gastrointestinal tract tissue inflammation. The histopathological changes showed that Se deficiency induced inflammatory lesions in the gastrointestinal tract tissues (glandular stomach, gizzard, duodenum, small intestine, and rectum). The expression levels of PTGE (prostagland E synthase), COX-2 (cyclooxygenase-2), TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor α), and NF-κB (nuclear transfer factor κB) in the gastrointestinal tract tissues (glandular stomach, gizzard, duodenum, small intestine, and rectum) were determined by qPCR on days 15, 25, 35, 45, and 55, respectively. The results showed that Se deficiency induced high expression levels of PTGE, COX-2, TNF-α, and NF-κB in the gastrointestinal tract tissues. The effects were more obvious in the duodenum and small intestine than those in the glandular stomach, gizzard, and rectum. In addition, the expression levels of these proteins in the gastrointestinal tract tissue increased in a time-dependent manner with Se deficiency feeding time. Furthermore, Se deficiency induced the production of pro-inflammatory factors, thus aggravating inflammatory lesions in the gastrointestinal tract. The effect of Se deficiency on inflammation and other gastrointestinal tract diseases should be further studied.

Dietary nano-selenium alleviated intestinal damage of juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) induced by high-fat diet: Insight from intestinal morphology, tight junction, inflammation, anti-oxidization and intestinal microbiota

“…Studies have reported that selenium may inhibit the activation of NF-κB ( Duntas, 2009 ; Liu et al., 2016 ), and the intake of a low-selenium diet was often accompanied by the increase of IL-6 , IL-1β , and TNF-α ( Tsuji et al., 2015 ; Zhou et al., 2014 ), thus aggravating gastrointestinal inflammatory lesions ( Gao et al., 2016 ; Liu et al., 2016 ). In this study, a marked reduction in the expression of TLR4 in the intestine of juvenile grass carp supplied with HFD containing nano-Se, followed by a significant decrease in the expression of p38 MAPK and NF-κB p65 was observed.…”

Selenium in Poultry Nutrition: from Sodium Selenite to Organic Selenium Sources

“…Advantages of organic Se in the broiler diet include increased Se transfer to the muscles and the build-up of Se reserves in the body, which is expected to result in improved chicken resistance to various stresses and to have a positive effect on immunity, gut health, and meat quality (Surai, 2006;Fisinin et al, 2008;Surai and Fisinin, 2014). In particular, it has been recently shown that Se deficiency in chickens promotes gut inflammation (Gao et al, 2016;Wu et al, 2016). Furthermore, specific emphasis has been placed on protein oxidation in relation to meat quality, including water-holding capacity of meat and drip loss.…”

A Summary of New Findings on the Biological Effects of Selenium in Selected Animal Species—A Critical Review

“…Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element [ 1 , 2 ] that evinces antioxidant activity [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ], anti-inflammatory [ 2 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ], antimutagenic [ 26 , 27 ], anticarcinogenic [ 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 ] or chemopreventive [ 2 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ], antiviral [ 2 ], antibacterial [ 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 ], antifungal [ 49 , 50 ] and antiparasitic effects [ 51 ,…”