Self-actualization and Self-efficacy in the Elderly in a Ludic Italian Language Learning Program

Abstract

This article presents the conceptual framework developed for the study “Self-actualization and self-efficacy in the elderly in a ludic foreign language program.” We explicate the theoretical grounds for the ludic teaching approach used in the Italian language learning program Pian, piano si va lontano. Based on the concept of ludicity, this serious leisure activity is a form of social participation that fosters self-actualization and hence feelings of self-efficacy in older learners. We conclude with some research avenues to gain a deeper understanding of the protective effects of bilingualism on cognitive functioning in the elderly and the role of a ludic teaching approach in enhancing these protective effects from a gerontagogical perspective.

Effect of Life Review Therapy on self-actualization and Happiness of the Elderly in Iran

“…According to their physiological conditions, the elderly are prone to various physical and mental diseases that can affect their life satisfaction and lead them to mental exhaustion and unhappiness. Life review therapy can be an effective intervention in increasing positive feelings and happiness in the elderly [1,2]. Considering the importance of the phenomenon of population aging and the psychological problems of the elderly, and since old age is a sensitive period of human life, it is a social necessity to pay attention to the issues and needs of elderly people.…”