Self-Antigen Presentation by Dendritic Cells in Autoimmunity

Hopp, Ann-Katrin; Rupp, Anne; Lukacs‐Kornek, Veronika

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2014.00055

Cited by 43 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 170 publications

(264 reference statements)

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“…The best link between Th17 homeostatic barrier functions and dysregulation leading to the failure of immunological tolerance, chronic inflammation and autoimmune disease mediation by Th17 cells is likely to result from responses to bacterial infections in the gut and, potentially, in the skin (Figures and ). Hence, an aberrant immune response to bacterial antigens leading to a propensity of selfantigen presentation and Th17 cell responses in genetically susceptible individuals is a possible mechanism . The ability of Th17 cells to enhance B‐cell responses could be further evidence for a role for Th17 cells either directly, or through trans‐differentiation to Tfh cells, in promoting the production of pathogenic autoantibodies (Table ) …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional and phenotypic heterogeneity of Th17 cells in health and disease

Byström

Clanchy

Taher

et al. 2018

Eur J Clin Investigation

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Background Th17 cells have nonredundant roles in maintaining immunity, particularly at mucosal surfaces. These roles are achieved principally through the production of cytokines and the recruitment of other immune cells to maintain the integrity of mucosal barriers and prevent the dissemination of microorganisms. Th17 cells are heterogeneous and exhibit a considerable degree of plasticity. This allows these cells to respond to changing environmental challenges. However, Th17 cells also play pro‐inflammatory roles in chronic autoimmune diseases. The trigger(s) that initiate these Th17 responses in chronic autoimmune diseases remain unclear. Design In this report, we provide an overview of studies involving animal models, patient data, genome wide association studies and clinical trials targeting IL‐17 for treatment of patients to gain a better understanding of the pathogenic roles of Th17 cells play in a range of autoimmune diseases. Results The report sheds light on likely triggers that initiate or perpetuate Th17 responses that promote chronic inflammation and autoimmunity. The divergent effects of tumour necrosis factor alpha blockade on Th17 cells in patients, is explored. Furthermore, we highlight the role of Th17 cells in inducing autoreactive B cells, leading to autoantibody production. Pathogenic bacterial species can change Th17 cell phenotype and responses. These findings provide insights into how Th17 cells could be induced to promoting autoimmune disease pathogenesis. Conclusion This article provides an overview of the distinct roles Th17 cells play in maintaining immunity at mucosal surfaces and in skin mucosa and how their functional flexibility could be linked with chronic inflammation in autoimmune rheumatic diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional and phenotypic heterogeneity of Th17 cells in health and disease

Byström

Clanchy

Taher

et al. 2018

Eur J Clin Investigation

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“…The detail on the mechanism of recognizing and presenting self vs. non‐self Ags is beyond the scope of this review and the reader is referred to refs. 23, 24, 25.…”

Section: Immune System and Its Complexitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of Feedback and Feedforward Loops to Adaptive Immune Response Modeling

Rahman

Tiwari

Narula

et al. 2018

CPT Pharmacom & Syst Pharma

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The human adaptive immune system is a very complex network of different types of cells, cytokines, and signaling molecules. This complex network makes it difficult to understand the system level regulations. To properly explain the immune system, it is necessary to explicitly investigate the presence of different feedback and feedforward loops (FFLs) and their crosstalks. Considering that these loops increase the complexity of the system, the mathematical modeling has been proved to be an important tool to explain such complex biological systems. This review focuses on these regulatory loops and discusses their importance on systems modeling of the immune system.

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“…In the presence of MHC II without engagement of co-stimulatory molecules, T cells either die or become anergic [81]. Immature, migratory DCs can also convert naïve CD4+ T cells into Tregs [82]. …”

Section: Dermal Dendritic Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering immunity: Modulating dendritic cell subsets and lymph node response to direct immune-polarization and vaccine efficacy

Leleux

Atalis

Roy

2015

Journal of Controlled Release

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While successful vaccines have been developed against many pathogens, there are still many diseases and pathogenic infections that are highly evasive to current vaccination strategies. Thus, more sophisticated approaches to control the type and quality of vaccine-induced immune response must be developed. Dendritic cells (DCs) are the sentinels of the body and play a critical role in immune response generation and direction by bridging innate and adaptive immunity. It is now well recognized that DCs can be separated into many subgroups, each of which has a unique function. Better understanding of how various DC subsets, in lymphoid organs and in the periphery, can be targeted through controlled delivery; and how these subsets modulate and control the resulting immune response could greatly enhance our ability to develop new, effective vaccines against complex diseases. In this review, we provide an overview of DC subset biology and discuss current immunotherapeutic strategies that utilize DC targeting to modulate and control immune responses.

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Self-Antigen Presentation by Dendritic Cells in Autoimmunity

Cited by 43 publications

References 170 publications

Functional and phenotypic heterogeneity of Th17 cells in health and disease

Functional and phenotypic heterogeneity of Th17 cells in health and disease

Importance of Feedback and Feedforward Loops to Adaptive Immune Response Modeling

Engineering immunity: Modulating dendritic cell subsets and lymph node response to direct immune-polarization and vaccine efficacy

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