Self-Assembled Microgels for Sensitive and Low-Fouling Detection of Streptomycin in Complex Media

Abstract

In terms of detection of antibiotics within complex media, the nonspecific adsorption is an enormous challenge and antifouling sensing interfaces capable of reducing the nonspecific adsorption from complex biological samples are highly desirable. In this work, a novel antifouling electrochemical immunosensor was explored based on the self-assembly of two kinds of poly­(N-isopropylacrylamide) microgels on the surface of graphene oxide for sensitive detection of streptomycin (STR). The microgels modified with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and zwitterionic liquid 1-propyl-3-vinylimidazole sulfonate (PVIS) were prepared. The microgels with GMA were used by combining specific recognition of anti-STR. The rapid specific binding of antigen and anti-STR resulted in a decrease of current density to generate electrochemical responsive signals. Zwitterionic liquid-modified microgels were used for antifouling, which can form stronger hydration and show excellent antifouling ability. As a result, we achieved efficient and sensitive detection of STR in the complex sample with evidently resisted nonspecific adsorption effect, the wide linear range toward STR was from 0.05 to 100 ng mL–1, with a detection limit down to 1.7 pg mL–1. The immunosensor based on the surface functionalization of microgels showed promising applications for the detection of antibiotics in complex media.

Zwitterionic Nanogels and Microgels: An Overview on Their Synthesis and Applications

“…They used this microgel model to highly resist the nonspecific protein adhesion on their surfaces, and more importantly fabricate a novel electrochemical immunosensor to detect an aminoglycoside antibiotic, streptomycin (STR) from milk. [ 114 ]…”

“…Reproduced with permission. [ 114 ] Copyright 2019, American Chemical Society. Quantification of the biomass and thickness of the biofilms for AB‐0, AB‐47, AB‐64, and AB‐78 surfaces, respectively underflow condition e) E. coli bacteria and f) S. aureus bacteria, where AB‐0, AB‐47, AB‐64, and AB‐78 denote the weight ratio (in %) of the zwitterionic PSB/PES microgel in the surface.…”

“…Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) responses of the c) anti-STR/P(NIPAm-MPTC-GMA) microgels without zwitterionic content and d) the anti-STR/P(NIPAm-MPTC-GMA) microgels with P(NIPAM-AA-PVIS) zwitterionic microgels: before (red line) and after (black line); incubation in BSA protein solution (1 mg mL −1 ). Reproduced with permission [114]. Copyright 2019, American Chemical Society.…”

Silver nanoparticle probe for colorimetric detection of aminoglycoside antibiotics: picomolar‐level sensitivity toward streptomycin in water, serum, and milk samples

“…They bind to the ribosomal subunit, thereby hindering mRNA translation and finally leading to nonsense mutation and rapid cell death. Aminoglycoside antibiotics are known for their broad‐spectrum antibacterial action against a range of gram‐negative aerobic bacteria . However, the substantial variation between the administered AMG antibiotic dose and variations in the resultant levels in the blood is of great concern .…”

“…Aminoglycoside antibiotics are known for their broad-spectrum antibacterial action against a range of gram-negative aerobic bacteria. 1 However, the substantial variation between the administered AMG antibiotic dose and variations in the resultant levels in the blood is of great concern. 2 The negative impact of antibiotic residues in food and water has also received worldwide attention due to their abuse in animal husbandry and agricultural practices.…”