Self-care behavior and associated factors among patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Hossana, Southern Ethiopia: The Health Belief Model Perspective

Abstract

Background Diabetes a chronic disease requires lifelong medical treatments and life-style adjustment. Hence, it requires dedication towards self-care behavior in multiple domains. We aimed to identify determinants of self-care behavior among patients with diabetes through Health Belief Model Perspective. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 276 patients with simple random sampling technique. The level of self-care behavior on diabetic patients was measured using parameters of physical exercise, diet, medication and blood glucose. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted. Results Approximately, 119 (43.1%) of them practiced recommended self-care practices. Patients with more information performed 3 times more self-care (OR-3.07;95%CI 0.19–7.9) than less informed patients. Individuals with high income performed two times more self-care than less income (OR-2.42;95%CI 1.04–17.95). High perceived severity was 8 times more likely to performed for self-care than less perceived severity (OR-8.3,95%CI1.19-16.25). Conclusion Status of self-care practices on diabetic patients is lower than studies in other areas. Training should be focused on perceived severity of diabetes and how to overcome perceived barriers for self-care by increasing the frequency and reach out message on diabetes.