Self‐care for coronavirus disease through electronic health technologies: A scoping review

Abstract

Background and Aims Considering the rapid spread and transmission of COVID‐19 and its high mortality rate, self‐care practices are of special importance during this pandemic to prevent and control the spread of the virus. In this regard, electronic health systems can play a major role in improving self‐care practices related to coronavirus disease. This study aimed to review the electronic health technologies used in each of the constituent elements of the self‐care (self‐care maintenance, self‐care monitoring, and self‐care management) during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Methods This scoping review was conducted based on Arksey and O'Malley's framework. In this study, the specific keywords related to “electronic health,” “self‐care,” and “COVID‐19” were searched on PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google. Results Of the 47 articles reviewed, most articles (27 articles) were about self‐care monitoring and aimed to monitor the vital signs of patients. The results showed that the use of electronic health tools mainly focuses on training in the control and prevention of coronavirus disease during this pandemic, in the field of self‐care maintenance, and medication management, communication, and consultation with healthcare providers, in the field of self‐care management. Moreover, the most commonly used electronic health technologies were mobile web applications, smart vital signs monitoring devices, and social networks, respectively. Conclusion The study findings suggested that the use of electronic health technologies, such as mobile web applications and social networks, can effectively improve self‐care practices for coronavirus disease. In addition, such technologies can be applied by health policymakers and disease control and prevention centers to better manage the COVID‐19 pandemic.