Self-Discrepancies in Young Adults and Childhood Violence

Brewin, Chris R.; Vallance, Hannah

doi:10.1177/088626097012004008

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This finding is consistent with previous studies that found a link between self-discrepancies in adulthood and a history of CSA (Brewin and Vallance 1997;Freshwater et al 2001), although these studies did not ask about gendered self-concept. It is also in line with research that has found elevated negative self-representations among abused female children and adolescents (e.g., Calverley et al 1994).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 95%

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Child Sexual Abuse History and Feminine Gender-Role Identity

Krause

Roth

2010

Sex Roles

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The association between child sexual abuse (CSA) and feminine gender-role identity was examined among 75 women with and 107 without a history of CSA. Undergraduates and hospital employees from a university in the Southern United States completed questionnaires on the internet. Three aspects of feminine identity were assessed, including how much participants identified with feminine versus masculine traits, endorsed stereotypes about women, and viewed themselves as meeting feminine self-standards. Participants with a history of CSA reported greater feminine self-discrepancy and endorsed more derogatory stereotypes about women than the comparison group. CSA was also linked to identifying with more feminine than masculine traits, but only among hospital employees. Results suggest that feminine identity is a meaningful construct to consider in the adjustment of CSA survivors.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 95%

“…Research has found abuse history related to actual-ought (Brewin and Vallance 1997) and actual-ideal (Freshwater et al 2001) self-discrepancies. However, no study has examined directly the link between CSA and particular aspects of the self, such as gender or feminine identity.…”

Section: Abuse and Stereotyping About Womenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Child Sexual Abuse History and Feminine Gender-Role Identity

Krause

Roth

2010

Sex Roles

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“…For instance, a violent attack on an individual represents a failure of an implicit but fundamental prevention goal related to keeping the self safe from harm (Brewin & Vallance, 1997). Similarly, the sudden and unexpected loss of a job or spouse can result in perceived failures in fundamental promotion goals because of the roles that relationships and careers play in enabling people to make good things happen.…”

Section: Regulatory Focus and Psychopathology: Depression Versus Anxietymentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulatory focus and anxiety: A self-regulatory model of GAD-depression comorbidity

Klenk

Strauman

Higgins

2011

Personality and Individual Differences

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The etiology of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), including its high degree of comorbidity with major depressive disorder (MDD), remains a conceptual and clinical challenge. In this article, we discuss the relevance of regulatory focus theory, an influential theory of self-regulation, for understanding vulnerability to GAD as well as GAD/MDD comorbidity. The theory postulates two systems for pursuing desired end states: the promotion and prevention systems. Drawing upon studies documenting the affective and motivational consequences of failing to attain promotion versus prevention goals, as well as the literature linking promotion failure with depression, we propose how dysfunction within the prevention system could lead to GAD -with, as well as without, MDD.

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“…For example, exposure to community violence, peer victimization, and parental loss have each been associated with high levels of engagement in habitual rumination, a repetitive and passive cognitive response to dysphoric mood that involves focusing on the causes and consequences of negative affect (Heleniak et al 2015; McLaughlin et al 2009; McLaughlin and Hatzenbuehler 2009; Michl et al 2013; Wadsworth et al 2005). Stressful life events might increase engagement in rumination in adolescents because negative and unexpected life experiences serve as salient reminders of discrepancies between goals and reality, which increases attention to these discrepancies and rumination about how to resolve them (Brewin and Vallance 1997; Ferguson et al 2010; Papadakis et al 2006). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood Maltreatment Exposure and Disruptions in Emotion Regulation: A Transdiagnostic Pathway to Adolescent Internalizing and Externalizing Psychopathology

et al. 2015

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Child maltreatment is a robust risk factor for internalizing and externalizing psychopathology in children and adolescents. We examined the role of disruptions in emotion regulation processes as a developmental mechanism linking child maltreatment to the onset of multiple forms of psychopathology in adolescents. Specifically, we examined whether child maltreatment was associated with emotional reactivity and maladaptive cognitive and behavioral responses to distress, including rumination and impulsive behaviors, in two separate samples. We additionally investigated whether each of these components of emotion regulation were associated with internalizing and externalizing psychopathology and mediated the association between child maltreatment and psychopathology. Study 1 included a sample of 167 adolescents recruited based on exposure to physical, sexual, or emotional abuse. Study 2 included a sample of 439 adolescents in a community-based cohort study followed prospectively for 5 years. In both samples, child maltreatment was associated with higher levels of internalizing psychopathology, elevated emotional reactivity, and greater habitual engagement in rumination and impulsive responses to distress. In Study 2, emotional reactivity and maladaptive responses to distress mediated the association between child maltreatment and both internalizing and externalizing psychopathology. These findings provide converging evidence for the role of emotion regulation deficits as a transdiagnostic developmental pathway linking child maltreatment with multiple forms of psychopathology.

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Self-Discrepancies in Young Adults and Childhood Violence

Cited by 12 publications

References 14 publications

Child Sexual Abuse History and Feminine Gender-Role Identity

Child Sexual Abuse History and Feminine Gender-Role Identity

Regulatory focus and anxiety: A self-regulatory model of GAD-depression comorbidity

Childhood Maltreatment Exposure and Disruptions in Emotion Regulation: A Transdiagnostic Pathway to Adolescent Internalizing and Externalizing Psychopathology

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