Self-Generated Strategic Behavior in an Ecological Shopping Task

Bottari, Carolina; Shun, Priscilla Lam Wai; Dorze, Guylaine Le; Gosselin, Nadia; Dawson, Deirdre R.

doi:10.5014/ajot.2014.008987

Cited by 20 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Performance-based assessments allow a fuller observation of behavioural strategies, including issues like help seeking and self-correction. These are fuller and potentially more ecologically valid ways of assessing real-world cognitive performance, a point that is widely noted in the occupational therapy literature (e.g., Baum et al, 2008; Bottari, Shun, Le Dorze, Gosselin, & Dawson, 2014; Rogers et al, 1999). Typical testing in neuropsychological practice and research is individual (unprompted).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age trajectories of everyday cognition in African American and White older adults under prompted and unprompted conditions

Thomas

Marsiske

2015

Neuropsychological Rehabilitation

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We investigated how race and verbal prompting interacted with age to predict age trajectories on a performance-based measure of everyday cognition. African American (n = 727) and White (n = 2052) older adults from the ACTIVE clinical trial were given the Observed Tasks of Daily Living (OTDL; a performance-based measure of medication management/finances/telephone use) at baseline and 1-, 2-, 3-, 5-, and 10-year follow-ups. When participants said “I don't know” or did not respond, they received a standardised verbal prompt, which served only as a cue to initiate the first step. At each occasion, unprompted (sum of items correct without prompting) and prompted (sum of correct prompted and unprompted items) scores were derived for each participant. Mixed effects models for change were used to determine the age trajectories of OTDL performance by race. When not prompted, African Americans demonstrated more rapid decline in OTDL performance than Whites, especially after age 80. When prompted, both groups had improved performance and evinced shallower decline, although African Americans continued to demonstrate a slightly more rapid decline. Simple prompting attenuated age-related changes of African Americans and Whites on a measure of everyday cognition. Prompting may be especially helpful for older African Americans.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age trajectories of everyday cognition in African American and White older adults under prompted and unprompted conditions

Thomas

Marsiske

2015

Neuropsychological Rehabilitation

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“…Based on the resources and services available at these stores, the authors (KA, JC, DD, EN, SR) discussed each item and rule on the preliminary Big-Store MET in relation to whether it was feasible across many sites (see Supplementary Appendix A for task and rule list). In addition, they reviewed the strategies and categorized these according to their previous work in which internal strategies were classified as those that were self-generated and relied on conscious mental manipulations and external strategies as those that relied on cues from the external environment (Bottari et al, 2014). Through this process, a revised version of the original Big-Store MET was developed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing and Validating a Big-Store Multiple Errands Test

et al. 2019

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The Multiple Errands Test (MET) is an ecologically valid assessment that characterizes how executive dysfunction manifests in everyday activities. Due to the naturalistic nature of this assessment, clinicians and researchers have had to develop site-specific versions resulting in numerous published versions and making it difficult to establish standard psychometric properties. The aim of this study was to develop a standardized, community version of the MET designed to be used in large department stores meeting set criteria that would not require site specific modifications. This paper reports on the development, content validity, feasibility, and inter-rater reliability of a Big-Store MET, and the performance of healthy participants on this test. Items were selected to match previously published versions in relation to quantity and complexity. Content validity was established by having experts (n = 4) on the MET review the proposed Big-Store version and evaluate the task consistency with previously published versions. To assess feasibility of administration, and inter-rater reliability, a convenience sample of 14 community dwelling adults, self-reporting as healthy, were assessed by two trained raters. We found the Big-Store MET to be feasible to deliver (completed within 30 min, scores show variability, acceptable to participants in community environment) and inter-rater reliability to be very high (ICCs = 0.92–0.99) with the exception of frequency of strategy use. This study introduces the Big-Store MET to the literature, establishes its preliminary validity and reliability thus laying the foundation for a standardized, community-based version of the MET.

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“…However, the ecological validity of the VR-EAL would benefit from future work directly comparing the VR-EAL with true real-world functioning. For example, studies have shown that performance on real-world tasks (e.g., household chores) is significantly associated with self-ratings of instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) and independence questionnaires (Weakley, Weakley, & Schmitter-Edgecombe, 2019), which produce reliable and generalizable outcomes (Bottari, Dassa, Rainville, & Dutil, 2010;Bottari, Shun, Le Dorze, Gosselin, & Dawson, 2014). Thus, the predictive ability and/or veridicality of the VR-EAL could be further examined by investigating its relationship with real-world tasks and/or established IADL questionnaires in healthy older adults and/or clinical populations.…”

Section: Verisimilitude and Pleasantnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of the Virtual Reality Everyday Assessment Lab (VR-EAL): An Immersive Virtual Reality Neuropsychological Battery with Enhanced Ecological Validity

Kourtesis

Collina

Doumas

et al. 2020

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

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Objective: The assessment of cognitive functions such as prospective memory, episodic memory, attention, and executive functions benefits from an ecologically valid approach to better understand how performance outcomes generalize to everyday life. Immersive virtual reality (VR) is considered capable of simulating real-life situations to enhance ecological validity. The present study attempted to validate the Virtual Reality Everyday Assessment Lab (VR-EAL), an immersive VR neuropsychological battery, against an extensive paper-and-pencil neuropsychological battery. Methods: Forty-one participants (21 females) were recruited: 18 gamers and 23 non-gamers who attended both an immersive VR and a paper-and-pencil testing session. Bayesian Pearson’s correlation analyses were conducted to assess construct and convergent validity of the VR-EAL. Bayesian t-tests were performed to compare VR and paper-and-pencil testing in terms of administration time, similarity to real-life tasks (i.e., ecological validity), and pleasantness. Results: VR-EAL scores were significantly correlated with their equivalent scores on the paper-and-pencil tests. The participants’ reports indicated that the VR-EAL tasks were significantly more ecologically valid and pleasant than the paper-and-pencil neuropsychological battery. The VR-EAL battery also had a shorter administration time. Conclusion: The VR-EAL appears as an effective neuropsychological tool for the assessment of everyday cognitive functions, which has enhanced ecological validity, a highly pleasant testing experience, and does not induce cybersickness.

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Self-Generated Strategic Behavior in an Ecological Shopping Task

Cited by 20 publications

References 23 publications

Age trajectories of everyday cognition in African American and White older adults under prompted and unprompted conditions

Age trajectories of everyday cognition in African American and White older adults under prompted and unprompted conditions

Developing and Validating a Big-Store Multiple Errands Test

Validation of the Virtual Reality Everyday Assessment Lab (VR-EAL): An Immersive Virtual Reality Neuropsychological Battery with Enhanced Ecological Validity

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