Self-monitoring of flexural fatigue damage in large-scale steel-reinforced cementitious composite beams

Çelik, Damla Nur; Yıldırım, Gürkan; Al-Dahawi, Ali; Ulugöl, Hüseyin; Han, Baoguo; Şahmaran, Mustafa

doi:10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2021.104183

Cited by 25 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The electrical resistance of the composite decreases in the vertical, horizontal and diagonal directions by 55.5%, 1.8% and 6.7% respectively with the increase in the vertical compression force. Çelik et al (2021) demonstrated the self-sensing capability of smart reinforced cementitious composite beams incorporated with CNT and carbon fibre (CF) under flexural fatigue loading. Yıldırım et al (2018) have investigated the self-sensing property of large smart concrete structures (100 mm × 150 mm × 1000 mm) under four-point bending test.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-time monitoring of structures under extreme loading using smart composite-based embeddable sensors

Rao

Sindu

Sasmal

2022

Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures

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Cementitious composites reinforced with conductive nanoparticles, also known as smart composite-based sensors, are emerging as novel sensors for real-time monitoring of structures. The present study deals with the development of embeddable smart composite-based sensor (called as eSCS), for monitoring the damage evolution in large-scale beam-column (B-C) sub-assemblages. Firstly, a systematic approach has been developed to fabricate the sensors through incorporation of functionalized (-COOH) multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The optimum dosage of CNTs required for developing sensors with maximum conductivity and piezo-resistivity was ascertained by determining the percolation threshold limit. The best performing eSCS was then successfully embedded at the critical locations of full-scale B-C joint specimens. The embedded sensors are used, for the first time, for damage monitoring of the B-C sub-assemblages subjected to reverse cyclic loadings. From the study, it is found that eSCS with 0.50 wt.% COOH-MWCNT shows excellent piezoresistive behaviour and gauge factors are found to be approximately 730, 457 and 396 for the applied compressive stress ranges of 2–4, 2–6 and 2–8 MPa, respectively. The embedded sensors showed the excellent strain sensing capability under reverse cyclic loading. The present study demonstrates the suitability of embedded eSCS sensors for robust structural health monitoring applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-time monitoring of structures under extreme loading using smart composite-based embeddable sensors

Rao

Sindu

Sasmal

2022

Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures

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“…In addition to the bulk form, novel application forms of smart concrete (e.g. embedded, coated, and sandwiched forms, small size sensors/products, prefabricated members, and cast-in-place nodes) can reduce the cost due to its deployment only in structural key positions and replaceable features, address the steel bars' effect and safety issues, and protect/strengthen the structures [184,185]. The combination of structural principles with the fusion of sensing information obtained by smart concrete with other sensing techniques can provide possible solutions for the derivatization of digital twin technology that in turn guides performance evaluation and design of smart concretebased infrastructures [186].…”

Section: Advances In Science and Technology To Meet Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roadmap on measurement technologies for next generation structural health monitoring systems

Laflamme

Ubertini

Matteo

et al. 2023

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is the automation of the condition assessment process of an engineered system. When applied to geometrically large components or structures, such as those found in civil and aerospace infrastructure and systems, a critical challenge is in designing the sensing solution that could yield actionable information. This is a difficult task to conduct cost-effectively, because of the large surfaces under consideration and the localized nature of typical defects and damages. There has been significant research efforts in empowering conventional measurement technologies for applications to SHM in order to improve performance of the condition assessment process. Yet, the field implementation of these SHM solutions is still in its infancy, attributable to various economic and technical challenges. The objective of this Roadmap publication is to discuss modern measurement technologies that were developed for SHM purposes, along with their associated challenges and opportunities, and to provide a path to research and development efforts that could yield impactful field applications.

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“…irreversible increase in resistance, which is due to disturbances and entire/partial reorganization in conductive networks caused by the formation and further propagation of cracks in zone C. The higher the cyclic flexural loading amplitude, the faster the strain development (which can be interpreted as the increased loading rates as a result of the identical time of a loading/ unloading cycle for varied loading amplitudes), the greater the damage (the amounts of cracks increase and the cracks extend continuously during the process), and the greater the irreversible increase in the residual value of FCR. As well, this behavior is greatly influenced by the damage previously generated within concrete beams during different cyclic loading amplitudes [24]. Consequently, the irreversible residual values of FCR can in turn be used to in-situ monitor the damage process and provide an indication of the extent of damage [43].…”

Section: 22mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This can be explained by the fact that CFs have a lower initial electrical resistivity in comparison with CNTs and individual CF is more prone to break during loading. Similarly, Çelik et al [24] compared the fatigue damage sensing capability of reinforced concrete beams incorporated with CFs and CNTs subjected to various ranges of fatigue loading. Results indicated that reinforced concrete beams with CFs demonstrated a higher fatigue damage self-sensing capability as reflected by the higher FCR values, while reinforced concrete beams with CNT exhibited better sensing stability which is highly desirable for continuous monitoring of concrete structures frequently subjected to dynamic loads.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nonetheless, it should be mentioned that most of the existing studies are focused on the concrete beams without reinforcement [19,20,26,27] or reinforced with steel bars [21][22][23][24][25][28][29][30][31][32]. While the presence of electrically conductive steel in real concrete structures may cause short circuit or affect the electric field distribution inside concrete, thus limiting the achievement for in-situ monitoring properties of concrete.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Self-sensing GFRP-reinforced concrete beams containing carbon nanotube-nano carbon black composite fillers

Qiu

Ding

Wang³

et al. 2023

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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This study investigated the self-sensing behavior of nonconductive glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) reinforced concrete beam incorporated with electrostatic self-assembly carbon nanotube-nano carbon black (CNT-NCB) composite fillers (CNCFs) under monotonic and cyclic flexural loadings. The CNCFs feature synergistic effect of long-range conduction for fibrous CNTs and short-range conduction for granular NCBs, as well as their good dispersibility. Self-sensing signals in the compression and tension zones of the concrete beams were synchronously recorded through embedding stainless steel gauze electrodes in these sensing zones. Experimental results showed that incorporating CNCFs can achieve low and stable electrical resistivity (ranging from 33 to 76 Ω•cm) for the concrete beams. Under monotonic flexural loading, the largest resistivity variation was observed in the case of concrete beam with 1.8 vol.% CNCFs, and the magnitude of fractional changes in resistivity (FCR) reached nearly 286%. Moreover, FCR in tension zone was more pronounced than that in compression zone. Under cyclic flexural loading, high self-sensing repeatability and stability of FCR variation with strain were obtained for all the concrete beams, and concrete beam with 2.0 vol.% CNCFs demonstrated the optimum self-sensing capability for its highest strain sensitivity of 322.7. Consequently, by measuring FCR of concrete beams with CNCFs and replacing metallic steel reinforcement with nonconductive GFRP bars which have the benefits of avoiding short circuit or electric field disturbance inside self-sensing concrete, in-situ monitoring the strain and damage accumulation of concrete components can be achieved.

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Self-monitoring of flexural fatigue damage in large-scale steel-reinforced cementitious composite beams

Cited by 25 publications

References 33 publications

Real-time monitoring of structures under extreme loading using smart composite-based embeddable sensors

Real-time monitoring of structures under extreme loading using smart composite-based embeddable sensors

Roadmap on measurement technologies for next generation structural health monitoring systems

Self-sensing GFRP-reinforced concrete beams containing carbon nanotube-nano carbon black composite fillers

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