Self-reporting damage and enhancing interfacial properties of carbon fiber composites via self-assembly host-guest mechanochromic fluorescent probe

Sun, Yuhang; Hui, Lisa; Li, Gang; Yang, Xiaoping

doi:10.1016/j.coco.2022.101472

Composites Communications

2023

DOI: 10.1016/j.coco.2022.101472

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Self-reporting damage and enhancing interfacial properties of carbon fiber composites via self-assembly host-guest mechanochromic fluorescent probe

Yuhang Sun

Lisa Hui

Gang Li

et al.

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Cited by 11 publications

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“…23,24 Also, the side chains could improve solubility of NDI derivatives in low-polar solvents, which could be easy to apply for sizing and improve the covalent interaction between CF and resin matrix. [25][26][27] Furthermore, the influence of flexible chain and amino group number in NDI block copolymers on rigid-flexible interphase and interfacial performance of HMCF composites need further study.…”

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confidence: 99%

Enhancement of interfacial properties of HMCF composites by constructing of rigid‐flexible interphase through naphthalenediimide with different flexible chain lengths

et al. 2023

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Naphthalenediimide copolymers with long, middle and short flexible chain lengths (LN, MN and SN) were designed and used to construct rigid‐flexible interphase on high‐modulus carbon fiber (HMCF) surface, and the interfacial performance and interphase reinforcing mechanism of composites were explored. Compared with desized HMCF (HMCF‐desized), the surface activity and roughness of HMCF‐LN, HMCF‐MN and HMCF‐SN were gradually increased. In contrast to HMCF‐LN and HMCF‐MN composites, wider transit‐modulus platform and increased interphase thickness were detected in HMCF‐SN composites, the improved deformation and decreased thermal residual stress from rigid‐flexible interphase were obtained. The highest improvement of transverse fiber bundle test strength (TFBT) and interfacial shear strength (IFSS) of HMCF‐SN composites were achieved, which was ascribed to the effective relaxation of interfacial stress and stronger chemical interaction of HMCF‐SN with matrix by the reduced flexible chain lengths and the increased functionality of SN copolymers.Highlights Rigid‐flexible interphase was constructed by naphthalenediimide copolymers. Wider transit‐modulus platform was detected in HMCF‐SN composites. Improved deformation and decreased residual stress of interphase were obtained. The interfacial performance of HMCF‐SN composites were greatly improved.

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confidence: 99%

Enhancement of interfacial properties of HMCF composites by constructing of rigid‐flexible interphase through naphthalenediimide with different flexible chain lengths

et al. 2023

Self Cite

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Constructing Mechanochromic Fluorescent Interphase via Core–Shell Microcapsules: A Route for Interface Reinforcing and Damage Self‐Reporting of CFRP Composites

Liang,

Sun,

Yang

et al. 2024

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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Perylenediimide‐chitosan/γ‐poly (glutamic acid) microcapsules sizing (PDI‐CS/γ‐PGA) core–shell microcapsule is designed and used to establish a novel interphase in carbon fiber/epoxy (CF/EP) composite, and the interfacial property, as well as the damage self‐reporting of the composite, is compared with desized carbon fiber (CF‐desized)/EP and commercial carbon fiber (CF‐COM)/EP composite. The ruptured PDI‐CS/γ‐PGA microcapsule exhibits strong “turn‐on” green fluorescence from the released PDI upon mechanical stimuli. The anchoring of PDI‐CS/γ‐PGA microcapsule on carbon fiber with PDI‐CS/γ‐PGA microcapsules sizing (CF@PDI‐CS/γ‐PGA) surface results in increased chemical activity and roughness, exhibiting a weak green fluorescence signal instead of non‐fluorescence on CF‐desized and CF‐COM surface. The transverse fiber bundle tensile (TFBT) strength of CF@PDI‐CS/γ‐PGA composite is 80.97% and 31.09% higher than those of CF‐desized/EP and CF‐COM/EP composite, which is attributed to the mechanical interlocking and chemical bonding interaction between carbon fiber and epoxy matrix by introducing PDI‐CS/γ‐PGA microcapsule with spherular structure and active groups. After microdroplet testing, the strong “turn‐on” green fluorescence signal of the released PDI from the microcapsules is detected in the interfacial debonding regions, realizing the microscopic damage self‐reporting of CF@PDI‐CS/γ‐PGA composite.

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Interfacial property enhancement of carbon fiber/epoxy composites via constructing a gradual modulus interphase with a waterborne bio‐based spiro diacetal epoxy emulsion

Deng,

Ma,

Sun

et al. 2024

Polymer Composites

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In this article, to explore the utilization of bio‐based epoxy resin in the preparation of sizing agents for carbon fibers (CFs), a bio‐based epoxy emulsion (S‐P‐S) derived from spiro diacetal epoxy (SDE) resin was prepared and compared to the traditional diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) based emulsion (D‐P‐D) and a mixed emulsion of S‐P‐S and D‐P‐D (S‐P‐S&D‐P‐D). The CF sized with S‐P‐S (CF‐(S‐P‐S)) showed improved surface oxygen content (22.86%) and roughness (40.9 nm), enhancing wettability and interfacial bonding between the fiber and the matrix. Nanoindentation test and AFM results showed the enhanced interfacial stiffness and a gradual modulus interphase with a thickness of 381 nm in CF‐(S‐P‐S) reinforced epoxy resin composite (CF‐(S‐P‐S)/EP). Therefore, the resulting CF‐(S‐P‐S)/EP composite possesses the best mechanical properties, with the transverse fiber bundle tensile (TFBT) strength of 27.3 ± 1.45 MPa and the interfacial shear strength (IFSS) of 85.6 ± 8.26 MPa. These results highlight the potential of the SDE‐based emulsion (S‐P‐S) to enhance the interfacial properties and mechanical performance of CF/EP composite, offering a sustainable alternative to conventional petroleum‐based epoxy resins.Highlights Emulsion (S‐P‐S) was prepared using spiro diacetal epoxy (SDE) for carbon fiber sizing. Properties of S‐P‐S sized CF (CF‐(S‐P‐S)) and its composite were evaluated. Spiro diacetal structure created a gradual modulus interphase in CF‐(S‐P‐S)/EP. The interfacial properties of the CF‐(S‐P‐S)/EP composite were greatly improved. Bio‐based SDE resin showed promise for optimizing carbon fiber composite interphase.

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Self-reporting damage and enhancing interfacial properties of carbon fiber composites via self-assembly host-guest mechanochromic fluorescent probe

Cited by 11 publications

References 33 publications

Enhancement of interfacial properties of HMCF composites by constructing of rigid‐flexible interphase through naphthalenediimide with different flexible chain lengths

Enhancement of interfacial properties of HMCF composites by constructing of rigid‐flexible interphase through naphthalenediimide with different flexible chain lengths

Constructing Mechanochromic Fluorescent Interphase via Core–Shell Microcapsules: A Route for Interface Reinforcing and Damage Self‐Reporting of CFRP Composites

Interfacial property enhancement of carbon fiber/epoxy composites via constructing a gradual modulus interphase with a waterborne bio‐based spiro diacetal epoxy emulsion

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