Self-sustained volume discharge

Abstract

¬ àÕËÏ ÖÓÂÄÐÇÐËâÏ ÐÇÑÃØÑAEËÏÑ AEÑÃÂÄËÕß ÐÂÚÂÎßÐÞÇ Ë ÅÓÂÐËÚÐÞÇ ÖÔÎÑÄËâ:ÅAEÇ c ì ÔÍÑÓÑÔÕß ÔÄÇÕÂ, ³ÄâÊß ÏÇÉAEÖ ÕÑÍÑÏ Ë ÐÂÒÓâÉÇÐËÇÏ Ð ÅÓÂÐËÙÇ ÑÃ-ÎÂÔÕÇÌ ÖÚËÕÞÄÂÎÂÔß ÔÎÇAEÖáÜËÏ ÑÃÓÂÊÑÏ: dx À e e 0 n i j i e 0 v i Y 26 d j i dx Àa j e Y 27 ÔÑ ÔÎÇAEÖáÜËÏË ÅÓÂÐËÚÐÞÏË ÖÔÎÑÄËâÏË: j j e j i Y j e 0 Gj i 0 h j a i g i j i 0 Y 28 h j a i p p ab 2 x 5 3a2 exp À 25 x 1 2 x p5 r x 2p5 Y 29ÅAEÇ y ln1 GaG. ±ÓË ÓÂÔÚÇÕÇ P AEÎâ ÖÚÇÕ ËÊÏÇÐÇÐËâ àÎÇÍÕÓËÚÇÔÍÑÅÑ ÒÑÎâ РÑÔÕÓËÇ ÍÂÐÂΠÔÑÄÏÇÔÕÐÑ Ô ÖÓÂÄÐÇÐËâÏË ÅËAEÓÑ-AEËÐÂÏËÍË ÓÇÛÂÎÑÔß ÖÓÂÄÐÇÐËÇ ÂÒÎÂÔ AEÎâ ÑÔÕÓËÌ ÓÂÊÎËÚÐÑÌ ×ÑÓÏÞ. ³ÍÑÓÑÔÕß ÒÓÑÓÂÔÕÂÐËâ ÍÂÐÂΠAEÎâ ÑÔÕÓËâ Ä ×ÑÓÏÇ àÎÎËÒÔÑËAE ÄÓÂÜÇÐËâ ÐÂØÑAEËÕÔâ ÔÎÇAEÖá-ÜËÏ ÑÃÓÂÊÑÏ: The state-of-the-art in the physics of large-volume high-power gas discharges is reviewed. The characteristic properties and distinguishing features of high-pressure self-sustained discharges are discussed, existing experimental data are presented, and major formation and constriction models considered. It is shown that the lower bound on the discharge ignition voltage is due to the onset of cathode instability. Relations between the discharge parameters at the glowing and power delivery stages are analyzed. Record discharge characteristics are presented and diféculties involved in constructing a comprehensive theory of this type of discharge are pointed out.

Formation of a volume discharge in air at atmospheric pressure upon application of nanosecond high-voltage pulses

“…Only in [9] the volume discharge was realized in air at atmospheric pressure and near the tip anode (the electrode of a shear discharger). The volume discharges initiated in comparatively short interelectrode gaps or with preionization sources were investigated in [1][2][3][4].…”

“…In [6] initiated by an electron beam). Its important feature [6][7][8][9] was that the voltage time history showed no overvoltage peak and no phase of fast voltage decay observed in [1][2][3][4]. A current through the gap was registered in the voltage pulse front and reached its maximum simultaneously with the voltage pulse maximum corresponding to the voltage in the quasi-stationary discharge stage.…”

“…

Volume self-sustained discharges in gases at high pressure are formed with the use of pre-ionization sources and are widely used for pulsed laser pumping [1,2]. In a pulsed nanosecond discharge [3,4], the conditions can be realized in which the time of discharge channel formation is less than the voltage pulse duration.

…”

“…Only in [9] the volume discharge was realized in air at atmospheric pressure and near the tip anode (the electrode of a shear discharger). The volume discharges initiated in comparatively short interelectrode gaps or with preionization sources were investigated in [1][2][3][4].The present study investigates the influence of polarity and radius of curvature of the electrodes on the formation of the volume pulsed discharge without pre-ionization source under application of nanosecond voltage pulses of comparatively high amplitude (~100 kV).In our experiments we used the pulse generator of the ARINA x-ray apparatus [4]. The open-circuit gap voltage was about 150 kV and the leading pulse edge duration was less than 1 ns.…”

On the formation of nanosecond volume discharges, subnanosecond runaway electron beams, and x-ray radiation in gases at elevated pressure

“…In addition to the studies indicated above, we also mention studies [39][40][41][42][43]. From the viewpoint of formation of runaway electron beams and x-ray radiation in nanosecond volume discharges at atmospheric pressure, the most important results are the following: 1) A volume discharge is formed in air at atmospheric pressure and in other gases when nanosecond high-voltage pulses are applied without additional preionization source [4,5,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31].…”