SEM/EDS Evaluation of the Mineral Deposition on a Polymeric Composite Resin of a Toothpaste Containing Biomimetic Zn-Carbonate Hydroxyapatite (microRepair®) in Oral Environment: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Abstract

Toothpastes containing biomimetic hydroxyapatite have been investigated in recent years; the behavior of this material in the oral environment has been evaluated directly on dental enamel showing a marked remineralizing activity. To propose microRepair®-based toothpastes (Zn-carbonate hydroxyapatite) for the domiciliary oral hygiene in patients with dental composite restorations, the aim of this study was to evaluate the deposition of Zn-carbonate hydroxyapatite on a polymeric composite resin with Scanning Electron Microscopy/Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectrometry (SEM/EDS) analysis. Twenty healthy volunteers underwent the bonding of 3 orthodontic buttons on the vestibular surfaces of upper right premolars and first molar. On the surface of the buttons, a ball-shaped mass of composite resin was applied and light-cured. Then, the volunteers were randomly divided into two groups according to the toothpaste used for domiciliary oral hygiene: the Control toothpaste containing stannous fluoride and the Trial toothpaste containing microRepair®. The buttons were debonded after 7 days (T1—first premolar), after 15 days (T2—second premolar), and after 30 days (T3—first molar) to undergo the SEM/EDS analysis. The deposition of calcium, phosphorus, and silicon was assessed through EDS analysis and data were submitted to statistical analysis (p < 0.05). SEM morphologic evaluation showed a marked deposition of the two toothpastes on the surfaces of the buttons. EDS quantitative analysis showed an increase of calcium, phosphorus, and silicon in both the groups, with a statistically significant difference of calcium deposition at T3 for the Trial group. Therefore, the use of toothpaste containing Zn-carbonate hydroxyapatite could be proposed as a device for domiciliary oral hygiene because the deposition of hydroxyapatite on polymeric composite resin could prevent secondary caries on the margins of restorations.

Home Oral Care of Periodontal Patients Using Antimicrobial Gel with Postbiotics, Lactoferrin, and Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice Powder vs. Conventional Chlorhexidine Gel: A Split-Mouth Randomized Clinical Trial

“…It is also important to notice that chlorhexidine should be used for a maximum of 15 days (with a worsening of periodontal indexes at the end of the period), differently from postbiotics. In addition to the effect on soft tissues, it is also remarkable that Biorepair Parodontgel Intensive contains biomimetic Zn-Carbonate Hydroxyapatite, which is recognized for its significant effect on tooth remineralization [ 14 ]. Therefore, while chlorhexidine has acted only as an antimicrobial agent, the experimental product here considered might have caused multiple effects on both soft and hard tissues.…”

“…In spite of its efficacy, bacterial recolonization following the treatment is the most represented shortcoming of SRP [ 9 ]. On the basis of this consideration, further therapeutic approaches have been proposed as adjuncts, like the use of antibiotics [ 10 ], the photodynamic treatment [ 11 ], ozone application [ 12 ], and, in recent years, probiotic therapy [ 13 , 14 ]. As regards these last ones, they have been used more and more in recent years for the treatment of periodontal conditions because of the avoidance of the side effects related to the conventional antibiotic therapy [ 15 ].…”

Management of a Hypomineralisation of the Enamel by Applying a Remineraliser Based on Zinc Hydroxyapatite (microRepair)

“…Conversely, several studies [ 25 ] have shown that biomimetic hydroxyapatite even leads to a mineral deposition, thus forming a real coating on enamel and dental surfaces [ 26 ].…”

Fracture Behavior and Integrity of Different Direct Restorative Materials to Restore Noncarious Cervical Lesions

“…Nevertheless, our results should be interpreted in a global picture as new alternatives are rising to aid the battle against marginal degradation and secondary caries. For example, recent research has shown the deposition of hydroxyapatite on polymeric resin composite [ 45 ]. This could represent additional help in the prevention of secondary caries on the margins of restorations.…”