In order to be able to provide learning resources for learners anytime and anywhere and improve the quality of online teaching, a network-assisted teaching system for college students’ ideological and political courses based on the Android system is designed. The characteristics of the Android system platform and its hierarchical structure are analyzed, and the overall structure of the network-assisted teaching system was designed based on it and through the construction of the system user login module, learning resources module, operation management module, unit test module, and teaching interface display module, so as to achieve the effect of network assisted ideological and political course teaching. The preferences of students were fully considered, the needs of students with different resource spaces were matched, and the genetic algorithm is used to share the information of network teaching resources to meet the needs of ideological and political teaching. According to the experimental results, the system designed in this paper has high accuracy in the recommended content of ideological and political education resources and the coverage of resource recommendation is relatively high, indicating that the application effect of the system is better.