Semi-automatic determination of layer depth, permittivity and moisture content for unbound granular pavements using multi-offset 3-D GPR

Muller, Wayne

doi:10.1080/10298436.2018.1539485

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 54 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In fact, with single channel (i.e., classical bistatic) GPR equipment, only 2.5D surveys can be collected [81]. Moreover, while until now the new 3D systems were applied mainly for archaeological applications [82,83], for pipe and tree root detections [84] and for pavement assessments [85], geological applications are less common and limited to the detection and imaging of faults and fractures [86,87]. Moreover, the last type of applications are actually very dense 2.5D surveys collected with traditional GPR equipment rather than with antenna arrays due to logistical constraints related to the large dimensions and heaviness of multichannel systems, which in turn make their application on rough surfaces difficult.…”

Section: D Gprmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Invasive Methodological Approach to Detect and Characterize High-Risk Sinkholes in Urban Cover Evaporite Karst: Integrated Reflection Seismics, PS-InSAR, Leveling, 3D-GPR and Ancillary Data. A NE Italian Case Study

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sinkholes linked to cover evaporite karst in urban environments still represent a challenge in terms of their clear identification and mapping considering the rehash and man-made structures. In the present research, we have proposed and tested a methodology to identify the subsiding features through an integrated and non-invasive multi-scale approach combining seismic reflection, PS-InSAR (PSI), leveling and full 3D Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR), and thus overpassing the limits of each method. The analysis was conducted in a small village in the Alta Val Tagliamento Valley (Friuli Venezia Giulia region, NE Italy). Here, sinkholes have been reported for a long time as well as the hazards linked to their presence. Within past years, several houses have been demolished and at present many of them are damaged. The PSI investigation allowed the identification of an area with higher vertical velocities; seismic reflection imagined the covered karst bedrock, identifying three depocenters; leveling data presented a downward displacement comparable with PSI results; 3D GPR, applied here for the first time in the study and characterization of sinkholes, defined shallow sinking features. Combining all the obtained results with accurate field observations, we identified and mapped the highest vulnerable zone.

show abstract

Section: D Gprmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Invasive Methodological Approach to Detect and Characterize High-Risk Sinkholes in Urban Cover Evaporite Karst: Integrated Reflection Seismics, PS-InSAR, Leveling, 3D-GPR and Ancillary Data. A NE Italian Case Study

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Remote sensing technologies (such as microwave and optical satellites) provide effective tools for the regional ground soil moisture survey [Karthikeyan et al, 2017a;b]. However, because of high elevation of remote sensing measurements, the spatial resolution of these methods is coarse, and the measurement accuracy is poor [Lakshmi et al, 2013].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such approaches are time consuming and offer low spatial resolution because of the need to change the Tx‐Rx offset. In order to improve the measurement efficiency, multi‐channel GPR systems have been utilized (Kaufmann et al., 2020; Muller, 2020), although such systems are currently relatively expensive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of Surface Soil Moisture by a Multi‐Elevation UAV‐Based Ground Penetrating Radar

Cheng

Binley

et al. 2023

Water Resources Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The measurement of soil moisture is important for a wide range of applications, including ecosystem conservation and agricultural management. However, most traditional measurement methods, e.g., time-domain reflectometry (TDR), are unsuitable for mapping field scale variability. In this study, we propose a method that uses an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to support a ground penetrating radar (GPR) system for spatial scanning investigation at different elevations above ground level. This method measures the surface reflectivity to estimate the soil moisture, exploiting the linear relationship between the ratio of the reflected and the direct wave amplitudes along with the reciprocal of GPR antenna height. This relationship is deduced in this study based on the point source assumptions of a transmitter antenna and ground reflections, which is confirmed by numerical simulation results using the gprMax software. Unlike previous air-launched GPR methods, the UAV-GPR method presented here removes the limitations of a steady transmitter power and a fixed GPR survey height and the need for calibration of antenna transfer functions and geophysical inversion calculations, and thus is simpler and more convenient for field applications.We test the method at field sites within the riparian zone and a river-island grassland adjacent to the Yangtze River. The results from the field study illustrate comparable measured soil moisture to those obtained invasively using TDR. The root mean square error (RMSE) of surface reflectivity and soil moisture values between UAV-GPR with 2 8 antenna height investigations and TDR in the grassland are 0.03 and 0.05 cm 3 /cm 3 , respectively.

show abstract

“…Therefore, multichannel systems with multiple Rxs in a row can be used for direct WARR and CMP gathering (Trinks et al., 2018). For example, Muller (2018) used overlapping WARR gathers measured with noise‐modulated 3D GPR equipment to predict depth, permittivity, and moisture content of road layers. However, his semiautomatic approach relies on continuous layers and is not suitable for soil characterization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous multichannel multi‐offset ground‐penetrating radar measurements for soil characterization

Kaufmann

Klotzsche

Vereecken

et al. 2020

Vadose Zone Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

For vadose zone studies, it is essential to characterize the soil heterogeneity. However, manual soil coring is time consuming and lacks spatial coverage. Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) has a high potential to map these parameters. However, with conventional common-offset profile (COP) measurements, soil layer changes are only detected as a function of time, and no exact determination of velocities, and thus permittivity, is possible. For velocity estimation, time-consuming point-scale common midpoint (CMP) or wide-angle reflection and refraction (WARR) measurements are necessary. Recently, a novel simultaneous multi-offset multichannel (SiMoc) GPR system was released, enabling rapid profiling with virtually continuous acquisition of WARR gathers. For this system, we developed a new processing approach. First, time shifts caused by the different cables and receivers were eliminated by a novel calibration method. In the obtained CMP gathers, groundwave and (when present) reflection velocities were determined with an automated semblance approach. The obtained velocity can be converted to permittivity and soil water content. We tested SiMoc GPR with a synthetic study and time-lapse field measurements. In the synthetic study, the accuracy of velocity and layer thickness were within 0.02 m ns −1 and 2 cm. The SiMoc field results (spatial sampling of 5 cm) are consistent with coarse sampled single-channel data (spatial sampling of 10 m). Soil water content changes over the different measurement days were in agreement with nearby installed sensors (one per hectare). Overall, SiMoc GPR is a powerful tool for fast imaging of spatially highly resolved permittivity, and soil water content at a large scale.

show abstract

Semi-automatic determination of layer depth, permittivity and moisture content for unbound granular pavements using multi-offset 3-D GPR

Cited by 11 publications

References 54 publications

Non-Invasive Methodological Approach to Detect and Characterize High-Risk Sinkholes in Urban Cover Evaporite Karst: Integrated Reflection Seismics, PS-InSAR, Leveling, 3D-GPR and Ancillary Data. A NE Italian Case Study

Non-Invasive Methodological Approach to Detect and Characterize High-Risk Sinkholes in Urban Cover Evaporite Karst: Integrated Reflection Seismics, PS-InSAR, Leveling, 3D-GPR and Ancillary Data. A NE Italian Case Study

Estimation of Surface Soil Moisture by a Multi‐Elevation UAV‐Based Ground Penetrating Radar

Simultaneous multichannel multi‐offset ground‐penetrating radar measurements for soil characterization

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About