Semi-dwarf tef lines for high seed yield and lodging tolerance in Central Ethiopia

Jifar, Habte; Tesfaye, Kindie; Assefa, Kebebew; Chanyalew, Solomon; Tadele, Zerihun

doi:10.4314/acsj.v25i4.3

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Among abiotic stresses, lodging is the most important problem in tef production that causes significant yield losses (Assefa et al, 2011). Some progress has been made to improve lodging tolerance by developing semidwarf varieties via mutation breeding (Jöst et al, 2015;Desta et al, 2017;Jifar et al, 2017). Moreover, exogenous application of paclobutrazol (PBZ, an inhibitor of the GA biosynthesis) has been shown to reduce plant height, increase lodging tolerance, and consequently lead to higher shoot biomass and grain yield (Gebre et al, 2012;Plaza-Wüthrich et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon Enhances Biomass and Grain Yield in an Ancient Crop Tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter]

et al. 2020

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Silicon (Si) is one of the beneficial plant mineral nutrients which is known to improve biotic and abiotic stress resilience and productivity in several crops. However, its beneficial role in underutilized or “orphan” crop such as tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter] has never been studied before. In this study, we investigated the effect of Si application on tef plant performance. Plants were grown in soil with or without exogenous application of Na2SiO3 (0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, and 5.0 mM), and biomass and grain yield, mineral content, chlorophyll content, plant height, and expression patterns of putative Si transporter genes were studied. Silicon application significantly increased grain yield (100%) at 3.0 mM Si, and aboveground biomass yield by 45% at 5.0 mM Si, while it had no effect on plant height. The observed increase in grain yield appears to be due to enhanced stress resilience and increased total chlorophyll content. Increasing the level of Si increased shoot Si and Na content while it significantly decreased the content of other minerals including K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, and Mn in the shoot, which is likely due to the use of Na containing Si amendment. A slight decrease in grain Ca, P, S, and Mn was also observed with increasing Si treatment. The increase in Si content with increasing Si levels prompted us to analyze the expression of Si transporter genes. The tef genome contains seven putative Si transporters which showed high homology with influx and efflux Lsi transporters reported in various plant species including rice. The tef Lsi homologs were deferentially expressed between tissues (roots, leaves, nodes, and inflorescences) and in response to Si, suggesting that they may play a role in Si uptake and/or translocation. Taken together, these results show that Si application improves stress resilience and yield and regulates the expression of putative Si transporter genes. However, further study is needed to determine the physiological function of the putative Si transporters, and to study the effect of field application of Si on tef productivity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon Enhances Biomass and Grain Yield in an Ancient Crop Tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter]

et al. 2020

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“…Blösch, et al [ 25 ] have reported that panicle angle contributes to lodging tolerance in tef. Jifar, et al [ 28 ] also identified some lodging tolerance genotypes ( RIL-91 , RIL-244 and RIL-11 ).…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Tolerance To Lodging and Environmental Constraints In Tefmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Panicle length is also associated with lodging tolerance [ 25 ]. Semi-dwarf varieties of tef are lodging-tolerant and produce higher yields than tall varieties [ 28 ]. Lodging limits the use of inputs such as N-fertilizers, exacerbating the susceptibility of the plant to lodging [ 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Traditional Breeding to Genome Editing for Boosting Productivity of the Ancient Grain Tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter]

Numan

Khan

Asaf

et al. 2021

Plants

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Tef (Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter) is a staple food crop for 70% of the Ethiopian population and is currently cultivated in several countries for grain and forage production. It is one of the most nutritious grains, and is also more resilient to marginal soil and climate conditions than major cereals such as maize, wheat and rice. However, tef is an extremely low-yielding crop, mainly due to lodging, which is when stalks fall on the ground irreversibly, and prolonged drought during the growing season. Climate change is triggering several biotic and abiotic stresses which are expected to cause severe food shortages in the foreseeable future. This has necessitated an alternative and robust approach in order to improve resilience to diverse types of stresses and increase crop yields. Traditional breeding has been extensively implemented to develop crop varieties with traits of interest, although the technique has several limitations. Currently, genome editing technologies are receiving increased interest among plant biologists as a means of improving key agronomic traits. In this review, the potential application of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) technology in improving stress resilience in tef is discussed. Several putative abiotic stress-resilient genes of the related monocot plant species have been discussed and proposed as target genes for editing in tef through the CRISPR-Cas system. This is expected to improve stress resilience and boost productivity, thereby ensuring food and nutrition security in the region where it is needed the most.

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“…The field evaluation was conducted at Holetta and Debre Zeit Agricultural Research Centers in Ethiopia during the main cropping season of 2015.Holetta Research Center is located 39 km west of Addis Ababa at 9 0 44' N, 38 0 30' E and at an altitude of 2400 m a. s. l. While the mean annual rainfall of the site is 1100 mm, the annual minimum and maximum temperatures are 6 0 C and 22 0 C, respectively [23]. Debre Zeit Agricultural Research Center, which is located 47 km East of Addis Ababa is situated at 8 0 44'N and 38 0 58'E and at an altitude of 1900 m. a. s. l. This site receives a mean annual rainfall of 851 mm with minimum and maximum temperature of 8.9 0 C and 28.3 0 C, respectively [23]. The soils at the experimental site were acidic Nitosols at Holetta and a Pellic Vertisol with high moisture holding capacity at Debre Zeit.…”

Section: Study Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity in Qualitative and Quantitative Traits Reveals Huge Potential for the Improvement of an Orphan Crop Tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter]

Jifar

Assefa

Tesfaye³

et al. 2020

JEAI

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Aims: To assess the extent and pattern of genetic diversity in major qualitative and quantitative traits of tef accessions based on collection altitudes, and administrative regions and zones. Study Design: Randomized complete Block Design with three replications. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at Debre Zeit and Holetta Research Centers in 2015 main cropping season. Methodology: One hundred forty-four tef accessions collected from the Northern and Central Ethiopia were evaluated using five qualitative and seven quantitative traits. Microsoft Excel and Shannon-Weaver diversity index were used to determine the extent of genetic variations while cluster analysis based on the standardized data of various qualitative and quantitative traits was employed to group the accessions and collection altitudes, zones and regions. Results: Yellowish white lemma, loose panicle, white seed, four internodes and green basal stalk were found to be the predominant phenotypic classes of the studied qualitative traits. The highest mean Shannon diversity was observed for panicle forms (0.396) followed by seed colour (0.370) while the lowest value was for basal stalk colour (0.083). Accessions from Oromia Regional State had the highest mean Shannon diversity and grain yield compared to the other two Regional States. Similarly, accessions from South Wello and West Shewa administrative zones had the highest mean Shannon diversity and highest grain yield, respectively. Besides, accessions from altitudes below 1500 m above sea level (a. s. l.) and from 2001 to 2500 m a. s. l. also had the highest mean diversity and highest mean grain yield, respectively. In cluster analysis, dendrogram constructed based on five qualitative and seven quantitative traits grouped the accessions, collection regions, zones and altitudes into six, two, four and three distinct clusters, respectively. Conclusion: The present study generally revealed huge diversity among tef accessions collected from different regional states, administrative zones and altitudes which can be harnessed in future improvement of this understudied crop.

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Semi-dwarf tef lines for high seed yield and lodging tolerance in Central Ethiopia

Cited by 17 publications

References 16 publications

Silicon Enhances Biomass and Grain Yield in an Ancient Crop Tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter]

Silicon Enhances Biomass and Grain Yield in an Ancient Crop Tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter]

From Traditional Breeding to Genome Editing for Boosting Productivity of the Ancient Grain Tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter]

Diversity in Qualitative and Quantitative Traits Reveals Huge Potential for the Improvement of an Orphan Crop Tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter]

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