Semioccluded Vocal Tract Exercises: Changes in Laryngeal and Pharyngeal Activity During Stroboscopy

Dargin, Troy Clifford; DeLaunay, Anne; Searl, Jeff

doi:10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.05.006

Cited by 28 publications

(41 citation statements)

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“…성도 전방부의 폐쇄에 따라 기 류의 흐름이 방해를 받으면 음향학적 임피던스(acoustic impedance)가 증가하며 (Story et al, 2000), 음원인 성대음(glottal sound) 과 필터인 성도와의 상호작용이 증가하여 (Titze, 1996), 결과적 으로 발성 역치 조건(phonation threshold condition)에 보다 가까 운 상태에서 발성을 할 수 있게 된다 (Menezes et al, 2011;Paes et al, 2013;Robieux et al, 2015;Titze, 2006). 발성 시의 이러한 특징 으로 인하여 SOVTE는 과도한 성대의 접촉을 막아 음성외상 (phonotrauma)이 발생할 위험성을 최소화할 수 있는 발성 훈련 방법으로 알려져 있으며, 실용 음악(contemporary commercial music) 발성을 하는 가수들의 음성에도 긍정적인 효과가 있는 것으로 보고되었다 (Dargin et al, 2016;Fantini et al, 2017).…”

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“…입술 트릴은 도구가 필요 없이 비교적 간단히 익혀 수행할 수 있고, 혀 트릴 등 일부 다른 방식에 비해 난이도가 낮다는 장점도 있다 (Maxfield et al, 2015). SOVTE의 다양한 방식들이 존재하기 때문에, 각 방식들의 효 과 간의 비교를 수행하거나 (Amarante Andrade et al, 2016;Dargin et al, 2016), 둘 이상의 방법을 함께 시행하거나 (Amarante Andrade et al, 2016), 각 방법의 세부적인 수행의 방법에 대한 변형을 통하 여 그 효과를 알아보고자 하는 시도 (Cordeiro et al, 2012;Maxfield et al, 2015) (Kayes & Welch, 2017;Sliiden et al, 2017). 따라서 이러한 뮤지컬 발성을 배우는 학생들이나 가수들 은 음성의 질과 발성의 용량(vocal capacity)에 따라 학습과 직업 적 퍼포먼스에 지대한 영향을 받는다.…”

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The effect of the Modified Voiced Lip Trill (MVoLT) training on vocal changes of musical theater students

Lee¹,

Choi²,

Lim³

et al. 2018

Phonetics Speech Sci.

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The Modified Voiced Lip Trill (MVoLT) training is a variant of voiced lip-till training characterized by increased loudness, lowered laryngeal position, and lip contact facilitated with fingers. The purpose of the current study was to assess the effect of the MVoLT training program on vocal changes of musical singing theater students. A total of 32 musical theater students (17 males and 15 females, age ranging from 18 to 29) participated in the study. For about three months, each participant was tutored using a systematic program focussing on the MVoLT training, accompanied by certain facilitating strategies. Pre-& post-training multi-dimensional vocal characteristics were assesed and compared. Results showed that cepstral peak prominence during vowel phonation increased after training, while its standard deviation and Cepstral Spectral Index of Dysphonia decreased. When an aerodynamic assessment was performed, maximum phonation time, subglottal pressure, mean airflow rate increased, while electroglottographic measures did not change. In addition, decreased psychometric measures, higher maximum pitch, and increased vocal range were noted after training. In conclusion, the MVoLT was proven to have a potential as an effective and safe training method for musical theater singing.

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Section: 서론unclassified

The effect of the Modified Voiced Lip Trill (MVoLT) training on vocal changes of musical theater students

Lee¹,

Choi²,

Lim³

et al. 2018

Phonetics Speech Sci.

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show abstract

“…The exercises are known as semi-occluded vocal tract exercises (SOVTEs). Examples are lip tills, tongue trills, phonation into a straw or tubes, and the use of voiced fricatives or nasal continuants in speech [16,18,30,[34][35][36][37][38]. Decades of anecdotal reports have revealed that SOVTEs result in easier phonation, reduced vocal effort, and improved laryngeal health.…”

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confidence: 99%

Vocalization with semi-occluded airways is favorable for optimizing sound production

et al. 2021

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Vocalization in mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians occurs with airways that have wide openings to free-space for efficient sound radiations, but sound is also produced with occluded or semi-occluded airways that have small openings to free-space. It is hypothesized that pressures produced inside the airway with semi-occluded vocalizations have an overall widening effect on the airway. This overall widening then provides more opportunity to produce wide-narrow contrasts along the airway for variation in sound quality and loudness. For human vocalization described here, special emphasis is placed on the epilaryngeal airway, which can be adjusted for optimal aerodynamic power transfer and for optimal acoustic source-airway interaction. The methodology is three-fold, (1) geometric measurement of airway dimensions from CT scans, (2) aerodynamic and acoustic impedance calculation of the airways, and (3) simulation of acoustic signals with a self-oscillating computational model of the sound source and wave propagation.

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“…Dargin and Searl (2015) noted increases in sound pressure level (the acoustical correlate to singing volume) and airflow in four singers after engaging in straw phonation, lip trill, and tongue trill protocols. In a follow-up study, Dargin et al (2016) again noted that SOVT exercises provided some acoustic benefits. In both studies, results varied in magnitude among the participants.…”

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confidence: 96%

“…In other studies, researchers have examined the effect of SOVT exercises on the contact pattern and impact stress of the vocal folds during vibration (Verdolini, Chan, Titze, Hess, & Bierhals, 1997). These investigations, however, have been inconclusive, with some studies showing an increase in impact stress (i.e., closed quotient; Dargin, DeLaunay, & Searl, 2016; Guzmán et al, 2015) and other studies showing a decrease (Croake, Andreatta, & Stemple, 2017; Gaskill & Erickson, 2008; Guzmán et al, 2013) during a range of SOVT exercises. The discrepancy in these findings indicates a need for further study with larger participant pools.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Straw Phonation and Neutral Vowel Protocols on the Choral Sound of Two Matched Women’s Choirs

Manternach

Schloneger

Maxfield

2018

Journal of Research in Music Education

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Many choral teacher-conductors and voice professionals utilize semioccluded vocal tract (SOVT) exercises (e.g., lip trills, straw phonation) in their classrooms or studios. Research with individual singers has indicated that these techniques may increase “vocal economy,” boosting acoustic output while reducing singer effort. Recently, researchers have investigated these phenomena in choral settings, finding that choirs have maintained or increased spectral energy after straw phonation. Most chorister participants have perceived improved choral sound and vocal efficiency after the protocols. These investigations, however, have used one-group pretest-posttest designs. Therefore, results could reflect a “masterclass effect.” The purpose of this study was to compare acoustic output and listener perceptions of pre- and posttest measurements of two matched women’s choirs who engaged in (a) a straw phonation protocol or (b) an identical protocol performed on a neutral, unoccluded vowel (“ah”). Results indicated that both groups sang with more spectral energy after the protocols, and a majority of expert listeners noted these increases. However, the straw group’s increase was more than 1 dB SPL greater across the entire spectrum (0–10 kHz). Choral teacher-conductors and music teacher educators may wish to use straw phonation exercises to increase choral output and reduce vocal effort.

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Semioccluded Vocal Tract Exercises: Changes in Laryngeal and Pharyngeal Activity During Stroboscopy

Cited by 28 publications

References 28 publications

The effect of the Modified Voiced Lip Trill (MVoLT) training on vocal changes of musical theater students

The effect of the Modified Voiced Lip Trill (MVoLT) training on vocal changes of musical theater students

Vocalization with semi-occluded airways is favorable for optimizing sound production

Effects of Straw Phonation and Neutral Vowel Protocols on the Choral Sound of Two Matched Women’s Choirs

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