Semisolid liver infusion tryptose supplemented with human urine allows growth and isolation of Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma rangeli clonal lineages

Abstract

Introduction: This work shows that 3% (v/v) human urine (HU) in semisolid Liver Infusion Tryptose (SSL) medium favors the growth of Trypanosoma cruzi and T. rangeli. Methods: Parasites were plated as individual or mixed strains on SSL medium and on SSL medium with 3% human urine (SSL-HU). Isolate DNA was analyzed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Results: SSL-HU medium improved clone isolation. PCR revealed that T. cruzi strains predominate on mixed-strain plates. PFGE confirmed that isolated parasites share the same molecular karyotype as parental cell lines. Conclusions: SSL-HU medium constitutes a novel tool for obtaining T. cruzi and T. rangeli clonal lineages.

Liver infusion tryptose (LIT): the best choice for growth, viability, and infectivity of Leishmania infantum parasites

“…Many studies have reported the use of this medium to promote metacyclogenesis in Trypanosoma spp. (Fajardo et al 2016) but it seems to be successful for Leishmania species. Reports of infection of dogs (Roatt et al 2012), hamsters (Moreira et al 2012b), mice (Reis et al 2017), and sand flies (Agrela and Feliciangeli 2015) demonstrate the potential use of this medium concerning in vivo Leishmania infection.…”

A systematic review of the diagnostic aspects and use of Trypanosoma rangeli as an immunogen for Trypanosoma cruzi infection

“…Trypanosoma cruzi (etiologic agent of Chagas disease) infection due to overlapping geographical distribution of the causative microorganisms, allowing the existence of simple and/or associate infections in both invertebrate and vertebrate hosts 2,7 .…”

“…The period of spontaneous resolution of T. rangeli infection in human hosts has been estimated to be approximately 18 months 11 . However, even though this infection in mammals can result in low parasitemia and absence of clinical complications, investigation of the induced immune response in the hosts and evaluation of the development, lifespan, degree, and protection of the possible T. cruzi antibodies are of great significance 2,6 . The strategies for the development of vaccines against T. cruzi have prophylactic potential and broad medical relevancy because Chagas disease is a parasitic infection with a high mortality rate in humans, notably in the Americas, showing an estimation of 10,000 deaths annually.…”

“…Trypanosoma rangeli 1 , a protozoan of the family Trypanosomatidae, is a microorganism of wide geographical distribution throughout the Central and South American regions 2 , 3 . Primates and rodents are some of the vertebrate reservoirs for T. rangeli 4 , 5 .…”

“…This can provoke intense immune response, producing high levels of antibodies in the infected species 6 . T. rangeli infection stands out as a differential diagnosis for Trypanosoma cruzi (etiologic agent of Chagas disease) infection due to overlapping geographical distribution of the causative microorganisms, allowing the existence of simple and/or associate infections in both invertebrate and vertebrate hosts 2 , 7 .…”