Sensory structure of the tentacles of the slug, Arion ater (Pulmonata, Mollusca)

Wright, Brent R.

doi:10.1007/bf00222225

Cited by 46 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…No function was ascribed to the other two receptor types. Surprisingly, although behavioural studies indicate that snails and slugs use their anterior and posterior tentacles very differently (Chase & Croll, 1981), Wright (19746) found no differences in the relative abundance of the various receptor types in the two structures. Kataoka ( I 976) presented evidence from a study on Limax which supports this general classification.…”

Section: V1 Strijctc're Of Chemorecei'tive Organsmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…These latter processes were thought by Rogers (1971 a ) to have arisen from the supportive cells. However, Kataoka (1976) and Wright (19746) argue that these processes are most likely the cilia and microvilli arising from the sensory dendrites. T h e terminal twigs are surrounded by an extracellular matrix of electron-translucent substance and a mat of fine filaments.…”

Section: V1 Strijctc're Of Chemorecei'tive Organsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gastropod Chemoreception

1983

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Ecology 4, 505-5 I 2.the starfish Marthasterias glacialis: structures of the aglycone. Nature 233, 209-210. attract or trap its snail vector, Biomphalaria glabrata. Science 201. 924-926. J . S. Pearse), pp. 1-97. Academic Press, New York.Academy of Sciences 90, 695-705. The Veliger 15, 223-230.PhySiO~Ogy 5. 115-135. 229-244. Ultrastructure of the free nerve endings in the distal epithelium. Cell and Tissue Research 151,[245][246][247][248][249][250][251][252][253][254][255][256][257] stagnalis and Biomphalaria pfezfferi. Netherlands Journal of Zoology 22, 283-298.

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Section: V1 Strijctc're Of Chemorecei'tive Organsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: V1 Strijctc're Of Chemorecei'tive Organsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastropod Chemoreception

1983

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“…invertebrate species; i.e. the epidermis of an earthworm (13,14), and the tentacles of a slug (15,16) and a snail (17). These cilia are oriented horizontally on the surface of the epithelium and have axonemes with a 9 + 2 or a 9 + 0 microtubular arrangement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Presence of a Ciliary Patch in Preoral Epithelium of Sea Urchin Plutei

Nakajima¹

1986

Dev Growth Differ

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Removal of the hyaline layer from sea urchin embryos at the pluteus stage discloses a densely ciliated region in the pteoral area of the ectodermal epithelium. In four-armed plutei, this ciliary patch is located between the anterolateral arms and in eight-armed plutei it becomes surrounded by preoral and anterolateral arms. The area of the patch and the number of cilia increase with age. This patch is covered by cilia of unusual morphology and orientation. There are more than two cilia per cell which are coiled together several times around a small cone at the apical end of the cell.These coiled cilia run parallel to the surface of the cell but do not extend beyond the hyaline layer. The ciliary axoneme consists of a "9+2" microtubular structure, but no outer or inner dynein arms are observed. Although the cells with coiled cilia are present in a cluster constitutinga part of the epithelium, they have axons that project from their basal (inner) ends. The structural characteistics of the ciliary patch suggest that it possesses a sensory function.The involvement of the nervous system in ciliary movements and muscle contraction in sea urchin plutei has been suggested by earlier physiological findings, such as ciliary reversal by electrical stimulation (l), the effect of serotonin on contractile activity (2), and the localizations of acetylcholine esterase (3,4) and amines (5). However, only limited information is available on the structure and development of nerve cells. Based on light and electron microscopic observations, RYBERG (6) described a blastocoelomic network of "neuron-like cells" in Psammechinus miliaris. Although the presence of nervous cells (7) and their development (8) in plutei of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus and Dendraster excentricus have been studied at the ultrastructural level, further analyses are required to relate the structures with their possible functions. Due to the presence of a hyaline layer, the surface structure has been examined only in sectioned materials at light and electron microscopic levels. In this study, the surface structure was examined by scanning electron microscopy after complete removal of the overlying hyaline layer as well as in sectioned materials by conventional transmission electron microscopy, A densely ciliated area composed of a cluster of cells with unusual cilia was demonstrated,The morphological characteristics of cilia and the presence of axons in the ciliated cells suggest that this epithelial domain functions as a sensory organ. MATERIALS AND METHODSSea urchin eggs were obtained by injecting 0.5 M KCl into the body cavity. Testes were excised from the body cavity and stored in a refrigerator until use. Eggs were washed twice with artificial sea water (ASW, Jamarin U, Jamarin Lab., Osaka, Japan) and inseminated. Fertilized eggs were maintained in ASW in a 3 I beaker, and gently agitated at room temperature (17-20°C). Plutei were fed with Chaetoceros gracilis. At appropriate stages from 2 days to 2 months, larvae were collected by filtration through a nyl...

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Serotonin-immunoreactivity in peripheral tissues of the opisthobranch molluscsPleurobranchaea californicaandTritonia diomedea

et al. 1997

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The distribution of serotonin (5-HT)-immunoreactive elements in peripheral organs of the sea-slugs Pleurobranchaea californica and Tritonia diomedea was studied in cryostat sections. For Pleurobranchaea, 5-HT-immunoreactive (5-HT-IR) neuron cell bodies were found only in the central nervous system (CNS); 5-HT-IR cell bodies were not observed in foot, tentacles, rhinophores, oral veil, mouth, buccal mass, esophagus, gills, salivary glands, skin, reproductive system, and acidic glands, nor in peripheral tentacle and rhinophore ganglia. However, 5-HT-IR neuronal processes were widely distributed in these structures and the patterns of 5-HT-IR elements were characteristic for each particular peripheral tissue. 5-HT-IR elements were most dense in the sole of the foot and the reproductive system, followed by rhinophores, tentacles, oral veil, mouth, buccal mass, and esophagus. The sensory epithelium of rhinophores, tentacles, and mouth showed a highly structured glomerular organization of 5-HT-IR fibers, suggesting a role for 5-HT in sensory signaling. A much lower density of 5-HT-IR innervation was observed in gills, skin, salivary, and acidic glands. 5-HT-IR was observed in neuropil of tentacle and rhinophore ganglia with many transverse 5-HT-IR axons running to peripheral sensory areas. The distribution of 5-HT-IR elements in Tritonia was similar to that of Pleurobranchaea. A significant suggestion of the data is that central serotonergic neurons may modulate afferent pathways from sensory epithelia at the periphery.

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Sensory structure of the tentacles of the slug, Arion ater (Pulmonata, Mollusca)

Cited by 46 publications

References 29 publications

Gastropod Chemoreception

Gastropod Chemoreception

Presence of a Ciliary Patch in Preoral Epithelium of Sea Urchin Plutei

Serotonin-immunoreactivity in peripheral tissues of the opisthobranch molluscsPleurobranchaea californicaandTritonia diomedea

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