Sentidos construídos com profissionais de saúde da família sobre trabalho em equipe

Abstract

In recent decades, criticism of hegemonic health model marked by biomedical logic emerged, propelling transformations in the understanding of health and in its practices. In Brazil, the Family Health stands out as a strategy for reorganizing the aid model in the Basic Care, seeking for the implementation of practices based on an expanded vision of health, sustained by a biopsychosocial understanding of the health-disease process. This new proposal for activities in health, with an interdisciplinary team work, stands out as a means of promoting a more integrated community care. The present research aims to understand the meanings constructed by family health professionals about teamwork, from reflections on its own worker process. The survey was conducted from the analysis of a database, which was set up through audio recordings and full transcriptions of five encounters of discussion group with professionals from three Family Health Care Centers of an inner city of São Paulo. The analysis of this material was based on qualitative thematic analysis procedures, on the basis of the contributions of the social constructionist movement in Psychology. This analysis focused on the comprehension of the conversational process among the participants of the survey, through a sequential thematic analysis, focusing on both the senses produced (content), and its construction process in group interactions. Through this analysis, we describe three particular modes of organization of teamwork, being appointed through three different metaphors. On team A, the metaphor: "the team as a joint construction", signals the involvement of professionals for the development of the activities in the care center, providing the creation of spaces for dialogue to think about their practice. On team B, the metaphor: "the team as a family," means that the relationship of affection that exists between health professionals is able to solve any kind of problem or work-related conflict, and also to promote the implementation of the proposed activities. In the team C, the metaphor: "the team like a football team", represents the creation and search of professionals so that the performance of the team happens the same way as a football team, highlighting the importance of solidarity and confidence so that the work occurs efficiently. This team empowers the dialogue about the difficulties and conflicts to think about a more integrated practice. Thus, we understand that these metaphors produced represent how each team realizes its teamwork on family health. These metaphors sustain different practices in daily life that, sometimes approximate, sometimes keep teams away from a work that values the dialogue processes as a way to resolve conflicts and promote greater social participation. Thus, this research made it possible to think how the health team articulates in order to face the challenges and difficulties in the context of the ESF and reflect on the needs of professional improvement from the relational dynamics, being able to acquire different knowle...