Separation and structural characterization of the value-added chemicals from mild degradation of lignites: A review

Liu, Fang-Jing; Wei, Xian‐Yong; Fan, Maohong; Zong, Zhi‐Min

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.02.131

Cited by 141 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 231 publications

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“…Low-rank coals (LRCs) are plentiful fossil resources, but they have low calorific value, high water content, high ash yield, poor thermal stability, and easy spontaneous combustion, which make LRCs difficult in the current industrial use, such as combustion, pyrolysis and gasification (Doskočil et al 2014;Liu et al 2019b;Liu et al 2016;Liu et al 2013a;Liu et al 2013b;Liu et al 2013c;Liu et al 2018;Liu et al 2015;Mae et al 2001;Miura et al 1996;Wang et al 2013;Wang et al 2012;Wang et al 2014;Yu et al 2014). Therefore, it is necessary to exploit a new conversion method for utilizing LRCs efficiently based on its structural characteristics (Liu et al 2019b;Liu et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As is known to all, oxygen-containing functional groups, such as − OH, −COOH, −COOR, etc., are abundant in LRCs, which make LRCs have the potential to produce value-added oxygenated organic chemicals via the liquid oxidation (Doskočil et al 2014;Liu et al 2016;Mae et al 2001;Miura et al 1996). Hence, the oxidation of LRCs have attracted much attention from researchers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oxidation of Zhundong subbituminous coal in aqueous Fe2+/ glacial acetic acid solution with H2O2

Chen¹,

Zhou²,

Zhao³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The improvement of the reactivity of H2O2 and Zhundong subbituminous coal (ZS) was focused on in this work. The mild oxidation of ZS was carried out under different conditions. The liquid oxidation products were analyzed using gas chromatography /mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The results suggest that Fe2+ and glacial acetic acid (GAA) have a synergistic effect on the H2O2 oxidation of ZS, which can significantly promote the conversion of ZS and the production of liquid products. In total, 40 compounds are identified, which could be categorized as 8 group components. Most of them are valued-added chemicals. Among the detected compounds, carboxylic acids (CAs) is the most abundant, accounting for 47.22% of all the group components in TRC. Moreover, according to the compounds detected by GC/MS, condensed aromatic rings are significantly abundant than aliphatic moieties in organic matter of ZS. -CH2CH2- are predominant bridged linkages connecting aromatic rings in ZS. The existing forms of organic nitrogen and sulfur species contain quinolins, pyrroles, pyrimidins, quinoxalines, enamides, oxazoles, isoquinolines, thiazols, sulfonamides in ZS.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidation of Zhundong subbituminous coal in aqueous Fe2+/ glacial acetic acid solution with H2O2

Chen¹,

Zhou²,

Zhao³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, the LRCs have several disadvantages such as low calorific value, high oxygen and water content, and poor stability to air, which make LRCs not suitable for direct use as energy sources due to the low efficiency and serious pollution (Schobert and Song 2002;Gunka and Pyshyev 2014;Li et al 2015). Therefore, exploring the clean and efficient utilization approach of LRCs is a critical issue for human beings (Li et al 2015;Mi et al 2015;Saikia et al 2015;Liu et al 2016). Although the low degree of coalification and the high content of oxygen result in the low calorific value of LRCs, on the other hand, these unique properties also lead to the higher reactivity of LRCs compared with the high rank coals, making it possible and facile to prepare value-added chemicals from LRCs (Shui et al 2006(Shui et al , 2008Wang et al 2012;Li et al 2015;Pan et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the chemicals derived from LRCs, the organic acids, including the small-molecule fatty acids (SMFAs) and benzene carboxylic acids (BCAs), are important industrial blocks with wide applications (Wang et al 2013a, b;Hu et al 2016;Lv et al 2016). Various oxidation approaches, including ruthenium ion-catalyzed oxidation (RICO), (Huang et al 2008;Liu et al 2016) oxidation with different oxidizing agents such as H 2 O 2 , ozone, oxygen (Mae et al 2001;Yu et al 2014), and alkalioxygen oxidation (Wang et al 2012(Wang et al , 2013aYang et al 2015), were developed to produce organic acids from LRCs. High yields of the organic acids, including 18.4%-21.5% of BCAs and 39.8%-23.2% of SMFAs, have been achieved via alkali-oxygen oxidation (Wang et al 2013a, b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using benzene carboxylic acids to prepare zirconium-based catalysts for the conversion of biomass-derived furfural

Zhou

Sha

Xiao

et al. 2017

Int J Coal Sci Technol

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Benzene carboxylic acid (BCAs) are common and useful chemical blocks, which can be derived from the abundant low rank coals (LRCs) via oxidative degradation. In this work, we proposed a novel strategy to utilize BCAs as raw materials to prepare catalysts with transition metal zirconium, and the prepared catalysts were applied into the conversion of the renewable biomass resources. Typical model BCAs in the oxidative products of LRCs, including pyromellitic acid, trimesic acid (TMSA), trimellitic acid, and benzoic acid, were used as the block to construct the ZrBCAs catalysts. The chemoselective conversion of furfural into furfuryl alcohol (FAL), an important reaction in the biomass conversion chain, is chosen to evaluate the activity of the catalysts. The preparation conditions of the catalysts and experiment factors during the reaction were systematically investigated. The prepared catalysts were characterized by SEM, TEM, XRD and TG-DTG. The results showed that the prepared catalysts were efficient for the conversion of furfural into FAL, among which Zr-TMSA gave the highest activity. Zr-TMSA could be recycled for ten times without obvious deactivation, indicating an excellent stability. The strategy proposed in this work may be beneficial for the value-added utilization of both LRCs and biomass resources.Graphical Abstract Zr-BCAs catalysts prepared using benzene carboxylic acids and Zr are very efficient and stable for hydrogenation of biomass-derived furfural to furfuryl alcohol at mild conditions.

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“…The inorganic part of sulphur includes disulphides and sulphates and is embedded in the coal while the organic part of sulphur is chemically bonded to the organic matrix of the coal. The different classes of sulphur compounds in coal can be quantitatively determined by standard methods [1]. Sulphate sulphur occurs in the form of calcium, iron and barium sulphates, but the amount is usually negligible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Temperature Programmed Identification Technique to Characterize the Organic Sulphur Functional Groups in Coal

et al. 2017

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Abstract:The Temperature Programmed Reduction (TPR) technique is employed for the characterisation of various organic sulphur functional groups in coal. The TPR technique is modified into the Temperature Programmed Identification technique to investigate whether this method can detect various functional groups corresponding to their reduction temperatures. Ollerton, Harworth, Silverdale, Prince of Wales coal and Mequinenza lignite were chosen for this study. High pressure oxydesulphurisation of the coal samples was also done. The characterization of various organic sulphur functional groups present in untreated and treated coal by the TPR method and later by the TPI method confirmed that these methods can identify the organic sulphur groups in coal and that the results based on total sulphur are comparable with those provided by standard analytical techniques. The analysis of the untreated and treated coal samples showed that the structural changes in the organic sulphur matrix due to a reaction can be determined.

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Separation and structural characterization of the value-added chemicals from mild degradation of lignites: A review

Cited by 141 publications

References 231 publications

Oxidation of Zhundong subbituminous coal in aqueous Fe2+/ glacial acetic acid solution with H2O2

Oxidation of Zhundong subbituminous coal in aqueous Fe2+/ glacial acetic acid solution with H2O2

Using benzene carboxylic acids to prepare zirconium-based catalysts for the conversion of biomass-derived furfural

Development of a Temperature Programmed Identification Technique to Characterize the Organic Sulphur Functional Groups in Coal

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