Septicemia due to Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies dysgalactiae in vampire bats (Desmodus rotundus)

Castro, Fernando Favian Castro; Moreno, Luisa Zanolli; Apolinário, Camila Michelle; Belaz, Laís Dario; Peres, Marina Gea; Ribeiro, Bruna Letícia Davidé; Castro, Maria José da Silva; Ferreira, Adriano Martison; Cortéz, Adriana; Moreno, Andréa Micke; Heinemann, Marcos Bryan; Megid, Jane

doi:10.1038/s41598-018-28061-1

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Indeed, multidrug-resistant Enterococcus faecalis and Escherichia coli strains, which have been associated with human diseases, have already been found in frugivorous bats rectal and guano samples from Poland (Nowakiewicz et al, 2020(Nowakiewicz et al, , 2021. Similarly, novel strains of Klebsiella africana and Klebsiella pneumoniae were described in frugivorous Pteropus poliocephalus bats from Australia (McDougall et al, 2021), and septic-encephalitis causing Streptococcus dysgalactiae were detected in Desmodus rotundus from Brazil (Mioni et al, 2018). While the exact role of bats in transmitting pathogenic agents to humans is not yet fully understood, it is crucial that researchers conduct extensive studies on bat microbiomes and possible bat-bacteria associations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the bacterial microbiome of non-hematophagous bats and associated ectoparasites from Brazil

André,

Ikeda,

Lee

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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IntroductionBats, along with their ectoparasites, harbor a wide diversity of symbiotic and potential pathogenic bacteria. Despite the enormous diversity of bats (181 species), few studies aimed to investigate the bacterial microbiome of Brazilian chiropterans and associated ectoparasites. This study aimed to characterize the bacterial microbiome of non-hematophagous bats and associated Streblidae flies and Macronyssidae and Spinturnicidae mites in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, midwestern Brazil.MethodsOral and rectal swabs were collected from 30 bats (Artibeus lituratus [n = 13], Artibeus planirostris [n = 9], Eptesicus furinalis [n = 5], Carollia perspicillata [n = 2], and Platyrrhinus lineatus [n = 1]). In addition, a total of 58 mites (15 Macronyssidae and 43 Spinturnicidae) and 48 Streblidae bat flies were collected from the captured bats. After DNA extraction and purification, each sample’s bacterial composition was analyzed with metagenomic sequencing.ResultsThe microbiome composition of both oral and rectal bat swab samples showed that Gammaproteobacteria was the most abundant bacterial class. Spiroplasma, Wolbachia and Bartonella represented the most abundant genera in Streblidae flies. While Wolbachia (Alphaproteobacteria) was the most abundant genus found in Spinturnicidae, Arsenophonus (Gammaproteobacteria) was found in high abundance in Macronyssidae mites. In addition to characterizing the microbiome of each sample at the class and genus taxonomic levels, we identified medically significant bacteria able to infect both animals and humans in oral (Streptococcus and Anaplasma) and rectal swabs (Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Escherichia, Enterococcus, Streptococcus), Macronyssidae (Anaplasma, Bartonella, Ehrlichia) and Spinturnicidae (Anaplasma, Bartonella) mites as well as Streblidae flies (Spiroplasma, Bartonella).Discussion and conclusionBesides expanding the knowledge on the bacterial microbiome of non-hematophagous bats and Streblidae flies from Brazil, the present work showed, for the first time, the bacterial community of bat-associated Macronyssidae and Spinturnicidae mites.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the bacterial microbiome of non-hematophagous bats and associated ectoparasites from Brazil

André,

Ikeda,

Lee

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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“…Cases of cattle toxic shock syndrome, purulent polyarthritis in lambs, bacteraemia in dogs, and systemic granulomatous inflammatory disease have also been reported [128]. Mioni et al [134] noted that SDSD infections with symptoms of encephalitis, pneumonia or sepsis may also occur in Desmodus rotundus bats. It is of note due to the spread of many pathogens by bats.…”

Section: Streptococcus Dysgalactiae Subsp Dysgalactiae (Sdsd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mioni et al . [134] noted that SDSD infections with symptoms of encephalitis, pneumonia or sepsis may also occur in Desmodus rotundus bats. It is of note due to the spread of many pathogens by bats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenicity and drug resistance of animal streptococci responsible for human infections

Glajzner

Szewczyk

Szemraj

2021

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Bacteria of the genus Streptococcus , earlier considered typically animal, currently have also been causing infections in humans. It is necessary to make clinicians aware of the emergence of new species that may cause the development of human diseases. There is an increasing frequency of isolation of streptococci such as S. suis , S. dysgalactiae , S. iniae and S. equi from people. Isolation of Streptococcus bovis/Streptococcus equinus complex bacteria has also been reported. The streptococcal species described in this review are gaining new properties and virulence factors by which they can thrive in new environments. It shows the potential of these bacteria to changes in the genome and the settlement of new hosts. Information is presented on clinical cases that concern streptococcus species belonging to the groups Bovis, Pyogenic and Suis. We also present the antibiotic resistance profiles of these bacteria. The emerging resistance to β-lactams has been reported. In this review, the classification, clinical characteristics and antibiotic resistance of groups and species of streptococci considered as animal pathogens are summarized.

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“…The subspecies SDSD has been considered strictly an animal pathogen, and it is commonly associated with bovine mastitis ( Rato et al, 2013 ) and infectious arthritis in sheep ( Smistad et al, 2021 ) and septicemia in vampire bats ( Mioni et al, 2018 ). SDSD has been considered an important pathogen in aquaculture systems worldwide ( Maekawa et al, 2020 ; Hawke et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic analysis and accessory genome diversity reveal insight into the evolutionary history of Streptococcus dysgalactiae

et al. 2022

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Streptococcus dysgalactiae (SD) is capable of infecting both humans and animals and causing a wide range of invasive and non-invasive infections. With two subspecies, the taxonomic status of subspecies of SD remains controversial. Subspecies equisimilis (SDSE) is an important human pathogen, while subspecies dysgalactiae (SDSD) has been considered a strictly animal pathogen; however, occasional human infections by this subspecies have been reported in the last few years. Moreover, the differences between the adaptation of SDSD within humans and other animals are still unknown. In this work, we provide a phylogenomic analysis based on the single-copy core genome of 106 isolates from both the subspecies and different infected hosts (animal and human hosts). The accessory genome of this species was also analyzed for screening of genes that could be specifically involved with adaptation to different hosts. Additionally, we searched putatively adaptive traits among prophage regions to infer the importance of transduction in the adaptation of SD to different hosts. Core genome phylogenetic relationships segregate all human SDSE in a single cluster separated from animal SD isolates. The subgroup of bovine SDSD evolved from this later clade and harbors a specialized accessory genome characterized by the presence of specific virulence determinants (e.g., cspZ) and carbohydrate metabolic functions (e.g., fructose operon). Together, our results indicate a host-specific SD and the existence of an SDSD group that causes human–animal cluster infections may be due to opportunistic infections, and that the exact incidence of SDSD human infections may be underestimated due to failures in identification based on the hemolytic patterns. However, more detailed research into the isolation of human SD is needed to assess whether it is a carrier phenomenon or whether the species can be permanently integrated into the human microbiome, making it ready to cause opportunistic infections.

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Septicemia due to Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies dysgalactiae in vampire bats (Desmodus rotundus)

Cited by 5 publications

References 34 publications

Characterization of the bacterial microbiome of non-hematophagous bats and associated ectoparasites from Brazil

Characterization of the bacterial microbiome of non-hematophagous bats and associated ectoparasites from Brazil

Pathogenicity and drug resistance of animal streptococci responsible for human infections

Phylogenetic analysis and accessory genome diversity reveal insight into the evolutionary history of Streptococcus dysgalactiae

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