Sequence analysis of cytoplasmic mRNA-binding proteins of Xenopus oocytes identifies a family of RNA-binding proteins.

Murray, Mary T.; Schiller, Dorothea L.; Franke, Werner W.

doi:10.1073/pnas.89.1.11

Cited by 190 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…We have also reported that microinjection with Xoom antisense RNA causes inhibition of the epibolic cell elongation in the outer ectodermal layer through disorganization of F-actin without any disruption to mesodermal gene expression (Hasegawa & Kinoshita 2000). The (Murray et al 1992;Goodman et al 1998;Lieb et al 1998;Stennard et al 1999 (Hasegawa et al 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Xoom is maternally stored and functions as a transmembrane protein for gastrulation movement in Xenopus embryos

2001

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Xoom has been identified as a novel gene that plays an important role in gastrulation of Xenopus laevis embryo. Although Xoom is actively transcribed during oogenesis, distribution and function of its translation product have not yet been clarified. In the present study, the polyclonal antibody raised against Xoom was generated to investigate a behavior of Xoom protein. Anti‐Xoom antibodies revealed that there are two forms of Xoom protein in Xenopus embryos: (i) a 45 kDa soluble cytoplasmic form; and (ii) a 44 kDa membrane‐associated form. Two forms of Xoom protein were ubiquitously detected from unfertilized egg to tadpole stage, with a qualitative peak during blastula and gastrula stages. Immunohistochemical examination showed that Xoom protein is maternally stored in the animal subcortical layer and divided into presumptive ectodermal cells during cleavage stages. Enzymatic digestion of membrane protein and immunologic detection of Xoom showed that Xoom exists as a membrane‐associated protein. To examine a function of Xoom protein, anti‐Xoom antibodies were injected into blastocoele of stage 7 blastula embryo. Anti‐Xoom antibodies caused gastrulation defect in a dose‐ dependent manner. These results suggest that maternally prepared Xoom protein is involved in gastrulation movement on ectodermal cells.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Xoom is maternally stored and functions as a transmembrane protein for gastrulation movement in Xenopus embryos

2001

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“…The chicken YB-1, subsequently cloned, also showed DNA binding with little dependence on the presence of a Y/CCAAT box. 64 (ii) The Xenopus FRG-1 gene was cloned with expression libraries 67 probed with antibodies directed against p54/p56, 68 one of the subunits of the mRNAbinding complex biochemically identified in the 1970s, and widely studied for its role in mRNA translation. 68 Thereafter, research on YB-1 proceeded, by and large, in two parallel fields: its role in the control of mRNA biology (splicing, stability, translation), in which it has taken a center-stage position (Bouvet and Wolffe 69 ; reviewed in Evdokimova et al 70 ), and its role in the control of transcriptional initiation, which has been more controversial.…”

Section: Y and Ccaat: Two Names One Entitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting the Y/CCAAT box in cancer: YB-1 (YBX1) or NF-Y?

Dolfini

Mantovani

2013

Cell Death Differ

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The Y box is an important sequence motif found in promoters and enhancers containing a CCAAT box -one of the few elements enriched in promoters of large sets of genes overexpressed in cancer. The search for the transcription factor(s) acting on it led to the biochemical purification of the nuclear factor Y (NF-Y) heterotrimer, and to the cloning -through the screening of expression libraries -of Y box-binding protein 1 (YB-1), an oncogene, overexpressed in aggressive tumors and associated with drug resistance. These two factors have been associated with Y/CCAAT-dependent activation of numerous growth-related genes, notably multidrug resistance protein 1. We review two decades of data indicating that NF-Y ultimately acts on Y/CCAAT in cancer cells, a notion recently confirmed by genome-wide data. Other features of YB-1, such as post-transcriptional control of mRNA biology, render it important in cancer biology.

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“…In addition to the CCAAT element, YB-1 also binds to several unrelated sequences as well as single-strand DNA and mRNA (47)(48)(49)(50)(51)(52)(53). There are many precedents for the ability of a DNA-binding protein to recognize unrelated sequences (54)(55)(56).…”

Section: And Class II Mhc Genes (33) Ifn-"(-induced Li Gene Transcmentioning

confidence: 99%

YB-1 DNA-binding protein represses interferon gamma activation of class II major histocompatibility complex genes.

Ting

Painter

Zeleznik‐Le

et al. 1994

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

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SummaryInterferon y (IFN-'r) is the most potent inducer of class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes. This induction is uniquely mediated by three DNA elements in the promoter region of class II MHC genes. One of these DNA elements, Y, contains an inverted CCAAT box. Previously, we have screened a Xgt11 library for Y-binding proteins and identified the YB-1 gene. Here we provide evidence that YB-1 can repress the IFN-3~ induction of class II MHC promoter as well as the Invariant chain (Ii) gene which also contains a Y element in its promoter. This was demonstrated by cotransfecting a YB-1 expression vector with promoter-reporter gene constructs. As an alternate approach, an effcient transient transfection system was developed which resulted in a )70% transfection efficiency. Transfection of YB-1 by this procedure resulted in the near abrogation of IFN-7 induced HLA-DR antigen and mRNA expression. These findings show the functional suppression of class II MHC gene induction by the YB-1 protein.C lass II MHC gene products play a variety of important roles in immune regulation (reviewed in 1-3). These molecules control the acquisition of the mature T cell repertoire and serve as restriction elements for CD4 § T cells. These functions place the regulation of class II MHC antigens as an important topic in immune regulation. The expression of class II MHC genes is primarily regulated at the level of transcription. In the past few years, we and others have delineated an array of cis-acting elements important for optimal class II gene regulation and have identified proteins that bind to these elements. The cis-acting regulatory elements of the DRA gene are probably the best analyzed, and include three elements (S, X, and Y) that are also found in other class II MHC promoters (4-7). The X and Y elements constitute the conserved class II box present in the upstream region of all class II MHC promoters studied to date (8, 9). These two elements are separated by a 19-21-bp spacing that is conserved in length but not in sequence. The Y element contains an inverted CCAAT element, and the X element has been functionally divided into two subregions, X1 and X2, based on the separate interactions of these subregions with the RF-X and hXBP-1 recombinant DNA-binding proteins, respectively (10, 11). The S sequence (also known as H, or W/Z which is a larger DNA sequence) is a heptamer sequence located upstream of the class II box (12-17). These three elements are important for basal gene transcription, and thus far, they are inseparable from elements required for the IFN-T induction of class II MHC genes (12-19).The YB-1 DNA-binding protein was initially identified by using radiolabeled Y element sequence to screen a ~,gt11 expression cDNA library (20). The recombinant YB-1 protein exhibits specificity for the Y element because mutations of an inverted CCAAT sequence in the Y element can abrogate its ability to interact with YB-1. An intriguing feature is the inverse relationship between levels of YB-1 and DRA in IFN-3,-a...

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Sequence analysis of cytoplasmic mRNA-binding proteins of Xenopus oocytes identifies a family of RNA-binding proteins.

Cited by 190 publications

References 55 publications

Xoom is maternally stored and functions as a transmembrane protein for gastrulation movement in Xenopus embryos

Xoom is maternally stored and functions as a transmembrane protein for gastrulation movement in Xenopus embryos

Targeting the Y/CCAAT box in cancer: YB-1 (YBX1) or NF-Y?

YB-1 DNA-binding protein represses interferon gamma activation of class II major histocompatibility complex genes.

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