Sequence Analysis of Mitochondrial Genome of Toxascaris leonina from a South China Tiger

Li, Kangxin; Yang, Fang; Abdullahi, A. Y.; Song, Meiran; Shi, Xianli; Wang, Minwei; Fu, Yeqi; Pan, Weida; Fang, Shiji; Wu, Chen; Li, Guoqing

doi:10.3347/kjp.2016.54.6.803

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The most common start codon for the mt genome of T. leonina from the cheetah is TTG (7 of 12 PCGs), followed by ATT (3 of 12 PCGs), GTG (1 of 12 PCGs) and GTT (1 of 12 PCGs) (Additional file 1: Table S2). In this mt genome, the PCGs use TAG, T and TA as a stop codon (Additional file 1: Table S2), consistent with previous studies [11, 12]. Twenty-two tRNA genes in this mt genome range from 52 bp to 62 bp in length.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

“…The entire mt genome of T. leonina from the cheetah is 375 bp and 408 bp longer than that of T. leonina from the dog and the South China tiger [11, 12], respectively. Nucleotide sequence difference across the entire mt genome (except for the non-coding region sequences) between T. leonina from the cheetah and the dog was 7.2%.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mt genome (containing 36–37 genes) has been considered a suitable marker for the species identification and differentiation of many nematodes [10]. The mt genomes of T. leonina from canids (such as the dog) and felids (such as the South China tiger) have been sequenced and characterised previously [11, 12], but the T. leonina mt genome sequence from the South China tiger has not yet been deposited in the GenBank NCBI database. Moreover, it is yet unknown whether there are significant differences in the entire mt nucleotide and amino acid sequences between T. leonina from the dog and those from the South China tiger [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative analysis of mitochondrial DNA datasets indicates that Toxascaris leonina represents a species complex

Jin

Li²,

Liu

et al. 2019

Parasites Vectors

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Background Toxascaris leonina is one of the most common intestinal parasites of canids and felids. In this study, we characterised the entire mitochondrial (mt) genome sequence of T. leonina from the cheetah and compared it with that of T. leonina from the dog. Results The entire mt genome sequence of T. leonina from the cheetah is 14,685 bp in size, which is 375 bp longer than that from the dog, and it is 408 bp longer than that from the South China tiger. The overall nucleotide sequence (except for the non-coding region) identity was 92.8% between the two mt genomes of T. leonina from the cheetah and the dog. For the 12 protein-coding genes, sequence difference between T. leonina from the cheetah and the dog was 5.0–9.7% at the nucleotide level and 1.0–7.2% at the amino acid level. Moreover, comparison of mt cox 1 sequences among T. leonina isolates ( n = 23) from different hosts revealed substantial nucleotide differences (10.6%). Phylogenetic analysis showed the separation of T. leonina from canid and felid hosts into three distinct clades. Conclusions Taken together, these mtDNA datasets indicate that T. leonina from canid and felid hosts represents a species complex. Our results have implications for further studies of the molecular epidemiology, systematics and population genetics of this nematode. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13071-019-3447-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative analysis of mitochondrial DNA datasets indicates that Toxascaris leonina represents a species complex

Jin

Li²,

Liu

et al. 2019

Parasites Vectors

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“…and both with Toxocara spp. including T. canis, T. cati, T. malaysiensis and T. vitulorum, the phylogenetic topologies were in agreement with previously proposed molecular phylogenies of the ascaridoids based on nuclear and mitochondrial DNA data [33][34][35][36][37], confirming the phylogenetic stability of these paraphyletic groups characterised in this study.…”

Section: Phylogenetic Analysissupporting

confidence: 92%

Molecular characterization of ascaridoid parasites from captive wild carnivores in China using ribosomal and mitochondrial sequences

Xie

et al. 2020

Parasites Vectors

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Background: Despite the public health importance of toxocariasis/toxascariasis, only a few species of these ascaridoid parasites from wild canine and feline carnivores have been studied at the molecular level so far. Poor understanding of diversity, host distribution and the potential (zoonotic) transmission of the ascaridoid species among wild animals negatively affects their surveillance and control in natural settings. In this study, we updated previous knowledge by profiling the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of ascaridoid species among eleven wild canine and feline animals on the basis of a combined analysis of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) gene and the partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 (cox2) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (nad1) genes. Results: In total, three genetically distinct ascaridoid lineages were determined to be present among these wild carnivores sampled, including Toxocara canis in Alopex lagopus and Vulpes vulpes, Toxocara cati in Felis chaus, Prionailurus bengalensis and Catopuma temmincki and Toxascaris leonina in Canis lupus, Panthera tigris altaica, Panthera tigris amoyensis, Panthera tigris tigris, Panthera leo and Lynx lynx. Furthermore, it was evident that T. leonina lineage split into three well-supported subclades depending on their host species, i.e. wild felids, dogs and wolves and foxes, based on integrated genetic and phylogenetic evidence, supporting that a complex of T. leonina other than one species infecting these hosts. Conclusions: These results provide new molecular insights into classification, phylogenetic relationships and epidemiological importance of ascaridoids from wild canids and felids and also highlight the complex of the taxonomy and genetics of Toxascaris in their wild and domestic carnivorous hosts.

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“…Toxocara cati and Toxascaris leonina are common gastrointestinal parasites of cats [6,7], both species may affect host fitness and even impair host health [8,9]. Infection of Toxascaris is generally with considerably lower prevalence compared to Toxocara infections in domestic cats [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ascarid infection in wild Amur tigers (Panthera tigris altaica) in China

Peng

Yao

Liu³

et al. 2020

BMC Vet Res

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Background: Wild Amur tigers are a sparsely populated species, and the conservation of this species is of great concern worldwide, but as an important health risk factor, parasite infection in them is not fully understanding. Results: In this study, sixty-two faecal samples were collected to investigate the frequency and infection intensity of Toxocara cati and Toxascaris leonina in wild Amur tigers. The T. cati and T. leonina eggs were preliminary identified by microscopy, and confirmed by molecular techniques. Infection intensity was determined by the modified McMaster technique. Phylogenetic trees demonstrated that T. cati of wild Amur tiger had a closer relationship with which of other wild felines than that of domestic cats. T. leonina of Amur tiger and other felines clustered into one clade, showing a closer relationship than canines. The average frequency of T. cati was 77.42% (48/62), and the frequency in 2016 (100%) were higher than those in 2013 (P = 0.051, < 0.1; 66.6%) and 2014 (P = 0.079, < 0.1; 72.2%). The infection intensity of T. cati ranged from 316.6 n/g to 1084.1 n/g. For T. leonina, only three samples presented eggs when the saturated sodium chloride floating method was performed, indicating that the frequency is 4.83% (3/62). Unfortunately, the egg number in faecal smears is lower than the detective limitation, so the infection intensity of T. leonina is missed. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that ascarids are broadly prevalent, and T. cati is a dominant parasite species in the wild Amur tiger population.

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Sequence Analysis of Mitochondrial Genome of Toxascaris leonina from a South China Tiger

Cited by 6 publications

References 9 publications

Comparative analysis of mitochondrial DNA datasets indicates that Toxascaris leonina represents a species complex

Comparative analysis of mitochondrial DNA datasets indicates that Toxascaris leonina represents a species complex

Molecular characterization of ascaridoid parasites from captive wild carnivores in China using ribosomal and mitochondrial sequences

Ascarid infection in wild Amur tigers (Panthera tigris altaica) in China

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