Sequence Analysis of the Plutella xylostella Granulovirus Genome

Abstract

The Plutella xylostella granulovirus (PxGV) genome DNA was sequenced and the predicted open reading frames (ORFs) were compared to genes of the first-sequenced GV, Xestia c-nigrum GV (XcGV), and those from other baculoviruses and organisms. PxGV DNA has a size of 100,999 bp with a G + C content of 40.7%. The analysis predicted 120 ORFs with a size of 150 nucleotides or larger that showed minimal overlap. Blast searches followed by a comparison of ORF arrangement with those of completely sequenced baculovirus genomes showed the presence of 102 homologs to other genes in the database. Among them, 74 and 100 were homologous to genes of Autographa californica NPV (AcMNPV) and XcGV, respectively. A striking feature of the relationship between the genomes of PxGV and XcGV was the conservation of the order and orientation of homologous genes. Even though the XcGV genome is much larger than that of PxGV (178 vs 101 kb) and had many more predicted ORFs (181 vs 120) with an average amino acid sequence relatedness of 42%, the order and orientation of almost all homologous genes was conserved. The PxGV genome contained four homologous regions (hrs), each with 10 to 23 repeated sequences of 101 to 105 nucleotides containing a 15-bp imperfect palindrome in the center of the repeats.

Sequence Analysis of the Genome of the Neodiprion sertifer Nucleopolyhedrovirus

“…NeseNPV does not have a copy of the AcMNPV ORF 2 homolog, characterized as the baculovirus repeat ORF (bro) (38). Other baculoviruses usually have one or more copies of bro genes with the exception of SeMNPV (36), PxGV (29), and AdorGV (78), which, like NeseNPV, have no bro homologs.…”

Transfer, Incorporation, and Substitution of Envelope Fusion Proteins among Members of the Baculoviridae , Orthomyxoviridae , and Metaviridae (Insect Retrovirus) Families

“…However, the subsequently obtained complete genome sequences of both NPVs and GVs were all found to lack genes encoding GP64 homologs (1,5,12,13,17,21). Analysis of the Lymantria dispar (gypsy moth) multicapsid NPV (LdMNPV) genome, which does not encode a gp64 homolog, led to the identification of a single open reading frame (ORF), called ld130, encoding a protein with the predicted properties of a membrane protein, including signal and transmembrane domains and N-linked glycosylation sites (21).…”

Characterization and phylogenetic analysis of the chitinase gene from the Helicoverpa armigera single nucleocapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus

“…V-cathepsin, a protease, is believed to be responsible for the degradation of the proteinaceous components of cadavers, whereas the chitinase is essential in liquefying infected cadavers. Genes encoding chitinases are present in most of the so far completely sequenced baculoviral genomes, except that of Plutella xylostella granulovirus (PxGV; Hashimoto et al, 2000). The first chitinase gene in baculoviridae was identified from the Autographa californica (Ac) MNPV.…”