Sequence stratigraphic framework of the Upper Eocene–Oligocene succession, northwest Birket Qarun, Fayum-Egypt

El-Younsy, Ahmed-Reda M.; Salman, Abdelhamid M.

doi:10.1007/s12665-021-09646-y

Cited by 11 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…That is to say, Asia appears to be the ancestral setting for the probable earliest-diverging crown-gekkotan backbone clade, the Eublepharidae (figure 4; [2,45]), as well as the later-diverging clade composed of Sphaerodactylidae + Gekkonidae (figure 4), all of which have descendants still living there today. This interpretation is compatible with the previously proposed western-Asian origin of Sphaerodactylidae [49], followed by subsequent circum-Mediterranean spread and long-distance, transoceanic dispersals from western North Africa [45], an island for much of this time [50], to the Americas bordering the western margins of Tethys (figure 5).…”

Section: (C) Pan-gekkotan Phylogeny Tracks Patterns Of Jurassic Bioge...supporting

confidence: 91%

A Morrison stem gekkotan reveals gecko evolution and Jurassic biogeography

Meyer,

Brownstein,

Jenkins

et al. 2023

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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Geckos are a speciose and globally distributed clade of Squamata (lizards, including snakes and amphisbaenians) that are characterized by a host of modifications for nocturnal, scansorial and insectivorous ecologies. They are among the oldest divergences in the lizard crown, so understanding the origin of geckoes ( Gekkota ) is essential to understanding the origin of Squamata , the most species-rich extant tetrapod clade. However, the poor fossil record of gekkotans has obscured the sequence and timing of the assembly of their distinctive morphology. Here, we describe the first North American stem gekkotan based on a three-dimensionally preserved skull from the Morrison Formation of western North America. Despite its Late Jurassic age, the new species already possesses several key characteristics of the gekkotan skull along with retained ancestral features. We show that this new stem gekkotan, and several previously named species of uncertain phylogenetic relationships, comprise a widespread clade of early crown lizards, substantiating faunal homogeneity in Laurasia during the Late Jurassic that extended across disparate ecological, body-size and physiological classes.

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Section: (C) Pan-gekkotan Phylogeny Tracks Patterns Of Jurassic Bioge...supporting

confidence: 91%

A Morrison stem gekkotan reveals gecko evolution and Jurassic biogeography

Meyer,

Brownstein,

Jenkins

et al. 2023

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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“…The stratigraphy, palaeontology, and palaeoecology of the Eocene successions in Fayoum area have been examined by many authors (Abdallah, Helal, & Abd El‐Aziz, 2002; Abdel‐Fattah, 2016; Abu El Ghar, 2005; Anan & El Shahat, 2014; Ansary, 1955; Bassiouni, Boukhary, Shama, & Blondeau, 1984; Beadnell, 1905; Boukhary et al, 1993; Elewa, Omar, & Dakrory, 1998; El‐Fawal, El‐Asmar, & Sarhan, 2013; El‐Younsy & Salman, 2021; Helal, 2002; King, Underwood, & Steurbaut, 2014; Marzouk, El Shishtawy, & Kasem, 2014; Morsi & Speijer, 2003; Said, 1962; Strougo, Faris, Haggag, Abul‐Nasr, & Gingerich, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biostratigraphy, palaeoecology, and palaeobiogeography of the Middle–Late Eocene ostracods, north‐west Fayoum area, Egypt

et al. 2022

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The present study focuses principally on the late Middle Eocene–early Late Eocene ostracods from two successions (Garet Umm Rigl section and Qasr El Sagha sections), in the northwestern portion of Fayoum area, Egypt. Stratigraphically, the studied successions are classified into three formations (from base to top), the Gehannam, Birket Qarun, and Qasr El Sagha (Temple Member). The recorded ostracod assemblage contains 33 species belonging to 20 genera and 9 families. According to their stratigraphic ranges, three local biozones are recognized, Asymmetricythere yousefi–Loxoconcha pseudopunctatella, Reticulina heluanensis–Leguminocythereis sadeki, and Trachyleberis nodosus nodosulcatus–Ruggeria (Keijella) glabella. The comparison of the proposed biozones with their equivalents inside Egypt denotes a Middle–Late Eocene age for the studied sections. Based on the character of investigated ostracods, three ecozones are distinguished. An inner–outer neritic environment is suggested for the first ecozone, inner‐middle neritic conditions for the second, while shallow water conditions are proposed for the third ecozone. In addition, this paper represents an attempt to detect the palaeobiogeographic provinces of Eocene ostracods by means of multivariate analyses (principle component analysis, Q‐mode cluster analysis and similarity index). These analyses are applied on a matrix composed of some selected Eocene species from 10 regions located at the southern Tethys and western Africa. The results identify three distinctive provinces, North Africa (Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, and Egypt), the Middle East (Jordan and Israel) and West Africa (Senegal, Togo, Ivory Coast and Nigeria). The distinctive affinities between these provinces suggests ostracod migration along the southern Tethys during the Eocene age.

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