Sequential changes in plasma lipoproteins and body fat composition during polyunsaturated fat feeding in man

Shepherd, James; Stewart, James; Clark, Janice G.; Carr, Kay

doi:10.1079/bjn19800040

Cited by 34 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…A review of the available literature reveals many inconsistencies and leaves more questions open than are answered. Particularly puzzling has been a study that detected a marked increase in the linoleic acid content of adipose tissue only 2 weeks after healthy women had switched to a diet with increased polyunsaturated fat content (53). In earlier studies comparable changes were reported only after many months of increased linoleic acid intakes (50,54).…”

Section: Antioxidants In Adipose Tissuementioning

confidence: 84%

Adipose Tissue as a Medium for Epidemiologic Exposure Assessment

Kohlmeier¹,

Kohlmeier²

1995

Environmental Health Perspectives

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In the United States, adipose tissue is rarely used as a medium for assessment of prior exposures in epidemiologic studies. Adipose tissue aspirations are in general less invasive and carry less risk than phlebotomy. Tissue samples can be analyzed for a wide number of epidemiologically important exposures. Beyond reflecting long-term energy balance, this tissue offers a relatively stable depot of triglyceride and fat-soluble substances, such as fat-soluble vitamins, and pesticides. As a tissue it represents the greatest reservoir of carotenoids in the body. Halogenated hydrocarbons may be measured in concentrations of hundreds-fold greater than those in blood of the same individuals. The composition of adipose tissue also reflects the long-term dietary intakes of a number of essential fatty acids. The turnover times of all of these substances in adipose tissue remain under-researched. Sampling and storage of adipose tissue, homogeneity of sampling sites, turnover times, and the effects of diet, age, gender, race, hormones, and disease on adipose tissue composition are discussed in this review of current knowledge about adipose tissue stability. Experience in the use of adipose tissue sampling in epidemiologic studies in various countries has shown that it is simple to conduct, requires little training, carries little risk, and does not result in excessive participant refusal. -Environ Health Perspect 103(Suppl 3): 99-106 (1995)

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Section: Antioxidants In Adipose Tissuementioning

confidence: 84%

Adipose Tissue as a Medium for Epidemiologic Exposure Assessment

Kohlmeier¹,

Kohlmeier²

1995

Environmental Health Perspectives

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“…However, a recent study reinforced that PUFAs induced an increase in the mRNA of LDL receptor [13]. Therefore, LDL removal rate increases, and its production is limited [25]. Third, changes in the spatial configuration of LDL occur because phospholipids and PUFAs exist in the cis conformation, thus occupying more space in lipoproteins and restricting the volume of this particle available to transport cholesterol [26].…”

Section: Unsaturated Fatty Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of dietary fatty acids in the pathology of metabolic syndrome

Lottenberg

Afonso

Lavrador

et al. 2012

The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry

184

115

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“…The direct relationship between adipose tissue fatty acids and the composition of dietary fat has been long established in animals (Tove & Smith, 1959) and man (Shepherd et al, 1980). However it is recognised that a degree of metabolic control also exists, since different adipose tissue sites have different fatty acids compositions (Malcolm et al, 1989;Lin et al, 1993;Phinney et al, 1994b), rates of turnover differ between sites (Richelsen et al, 1991), active`remodelling' of saturated fatty acids (SFA) to mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) can occur (Lin et al, 1993), and that some fatty acids such as docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6, n-3) are preferentially stored, while others such as eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5, n-3) are preferentially released or turned over during lipolysis (Lin & Connor, 1990;Raclot & Groscolas, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for age-related differences in the fatty acid composition of human adipose tissue, independent of diet

1997

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Objective: To test the null-hypothesis that no age difference in adipose tissue fatty acid composition exists independent of dietary fat intake. Design: A cross-sectional survey of coronary heart disease risk factors, the Scottish Heart Health Study, provided needle biopsy adipose tissue fatty acid data and food frequency-derived dietary data. Setting: Twenty-two Scottish Districts between 1984 and 1986. Subjects: A total of 10 359 men and women aged 40±59 y were randomly recruited in sex and ®ve-year age bands from GP lists. A sub-set of 2308 men and 2049 women (42%) provided satisfactory adipose tissue and dietary data. Main outcome measures: Multiple regression analysis (adjusting for dietary fats, body mass index and smoking, with and without menopause status for women) of the relationship between individual fatty acids in adipose tissue and age, and between age and the ratio of linoleic acid (C18:2, n-6) to gamma-linolenic acid (C18:3, n-6) as an indicator of D-6 desaturase activity. Results: Sex-consistent changes with age occurred for linoleate (adjusted regression slope AE s.e. for men 70.299 AE 0.1339 and for women 70.504 AE 0.1731) and gamma-linolenate (adjusted regression slope AE s.e. for men 70.141 AE 0.0341 and for women 70.154 AE 0.0469) both P`0.0001. These changes gave rise to a signi®cant increase (P 0.005) in the C18:2, n-6 to C18:3, n-6 ratio with age. Dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (C20:3, n-6) and docosahexa-plus docosapentaenoic acids (C22:5 C22:6, n-3) also increased signi®cantly with age (P 0.01). For the latter, the adjusted regression slopes were far greater for women (0.596 AE 0.0575) than men (0.131 AE 0.0417). Conclusions:The results show that ageing does in¯uence adipose tissue fatty acid composition independent of diet. The sex differences may partially be due to inadequate adjustment for changes in sex hormone status in males with ageing. Using the current indicator, a decline in the rate limiting step of delta-6 desaturation appeared to occur with age, and was greater in women than in men. These results may indicate that an increase in dietary gamma-linolenic acid (C18:3, n-6) is necessary with age to offset the relative imbalance between PUFA levels which appears to occur. However, any direct health bene®t regarding the common diseases of ageing from such a strategy still remain to be clari®ed. Sponsorship: The Scottish Of®ce Home and Health Department funded the Scottish Heart Health Study. CBS thanks Scotia Pharmaceuticals Limited for ®nancial support.

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Sequential changes in plasma lipoproteins and body fat composition during polyunsaturated fat feeding in man

Abstract: I . The early effects of a moderate polyunsaturated fat diet on the composition of circulating lipoprotcinn and adipose tissue fatty acids were measured in five healthy adults.

Cited by 34 publications

References 9 publications

Adipose Tissue as a Medium for Epidemiologic Exposure Assessment

Adipose Tissue as a Medium for Epidemiologic Exposure Assessment

The role of dietary fatty acids in the pathology of metabolic syndrome

Evidence for age-related differences in the fatty acid composition of human adipose tissue, independent of diet

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