Sequential drug delivery by injectable macroporous hydrogels for combined photodynamic-chemotherapy

Abstract

With hollow mesoporous silica (hMSN) and injectable macroporous hydrogel (Gel) used as the internal and external drug-loading material respectively, a sequential drug delivery system DOX-CA4P@Gel was constructed, in which combretastatin A4 phosphate (CA4P) and doxorubicin (DOX) were both loaded. The anti-angiogenic drug, CA4P was initially released due to the degradation of Gel, followed by the anti-cell proliferative drug, DOX, released from hMSN in tumor microenvironment. Results showed that CA4P was mainly released at the early stage. At 48 h, CA4P release reached 71.08%, while DOX was only 24.39%. At 144 h, CA4P was 78.20%, while DOX release significantly increased to 61.60%, showing an obvious sequential release behavior. Photodynamic properties of porphyrin endow hydrogel (ϕΔ(Gel) = 0.91) with enhanced tumor therapy effect. In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that dual drugs treated groups have better tumor inhibition than solo drug under near infrared laser irradiation, indicating the effectivity of combined photodynamic-chemotherapy.

Synthesis of three cisplatin-conjugated asymmetric porphyrin photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy

“…The quantum yield of singlet oxygen was calculated from eqn (1)where m is the slope of the DPBF 418 nm absorbance curve with irradiation time, F is the absorption correction factor given by F = 1–10 −OD (OD at the irradiation wavelength), and Φ ref Δ is the singlet oxygen yield of the reference TPP ( Φ ref Δ = 0.52). 24–27…”

“…Here, we use TPP as a reference (Φ Δ = 0.52). [24][25][26][27]39 The singlet oxygen yields of ZnPt-P1-ZnPt-P3 were calculated as 0.99, 0.97, and 0.83. According to Table 1, ZnPt-P1 showed the highest singlet oxygen yield.…”

Combination of Two Photosensitisers in Anticancer, Antimicrobial and Upconversion Photodynamic Therapy

“…The use of other approaches in combination with PDT will achieve a combined effect that will lead to greater therapeutic success. Without going into details, since there are already many reviews, PDT can be combined with chemotherapy [73][74][75][76], radiotherapy [77][78][79], surgery [80][81][82][83], conventional immunotherapy [84][85][86], photothermal therapy (PTT) [87][88][89] and sonodynamic therapy (SDT) as sono-photodynamic therapy (sono-PDT) [90,91]; PDT can also be combined with more than one other therapy and diagnostic possibilities, which is especially being researched through nanotechnology [92][93][94].…”

Developments on the Smart Hydrogel-Based Drug Delivery System for Oral Tumor Therapy

“…Photodynamic chemotherapy based on hydrogel has been utilized extensively in the treatment of breast cancer [ 144 ], prostate cancer [ 145 ], skin cancer [ 146 ], glioblastoma [ 147 ], etc. However, there are only a few studies on its application in oral cancer, which shows potential research prospects.…”