Serological study of the frequency of leptospiral infections among dairy cows in farms with suboptimal reproductive efficiency in Galicia, Spain

Guitián, Francisco; García-Peña, Francisco Javier; Oliveira, Jacqueline M. de; Sanjuán, M. L.; Yus, E.

doi:10.1016/s0378-1135(01)00306-6

Cited by 25 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In other countries, the serogroups of Leptospira found in cattle and pigs were different from those found in Morogoro. For example, in Brazilian cattle were found serogroups Sejroe, Hardjo, Tarrassovi, Bratislava, and Icterohaemorrhagiae (Guitian et a., 2001), while in pigs in Japan serogroups Australis, Icterohaemorrhagiae, and Pomona were reported (Kazami et al 2002). In Tanzania, rodents are natural carriers of Leptospira serovars Lora, Grippotyphosa and Kenya (Assenga, 2003;Mgode et al, 2015), which were found in this study suggesting that, rodents may be a source of Leptospira infection in dogs in Tanzania.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Seroprevalence of canine leptospirosis, in Urban and Periurban, Morogoro, Tanzania

Said¹,

Bakari²,

Katakweba³

et al. 2018

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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A cross-sectional study was carried out in the Morogoro region, Tanzania, to determine the seroprevalence of canine Leptospira exposure. A total of 232 sera were collected from apparently healthy dogs in Mvomero, Morogoro Urban and Morogoro Rural districts. The microscopic agglutination test (MAT) was performed following standard procedure using panel of six Leptospira serovars. Within the districts, positive reactions against five serovars were detected: Sokoine (4.3%); Pomona (4.3%); Lora (3.0%); Grippotyphosa (2.2%), and Kenya (0.9%). The overall seroprevalence was found to be 9.5%. Male dogs were at significantly greater risk than the female dogs (p < 0.05); but no significant difference in prevalence was observed with respect to age and breed (p>0.05). The growing urbanization, which allows high interaction between different maintenance hosts, may cause infection spill over and consequently a rising prevalence. The presence of Leptospira antibodies suggests that leptospirosis is common in this study area. Therefore, further serological surveys followed by isolation and identification of isolates in this study area and other areas of the country need to be undertaken to report infective serovars in canine population.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Seroprevalence of canine leptospirosis, in Urban and Periurban, Morogoro, Tanzania

Said¹,

Bakari²,

Katakweba³

et al. 2018

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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“…In addition, the longer immune response induced by this serovar and the higher frequency of new infections with this serovar may account for the observed results, as suggested by Quinn et al (2000). Factors like the warm humid climate in the Tanga coastal area, alkaline soils and the abundance of surface water are favourable for the transmission of leptospirosis, although also in drier areas, certain micro-environments such as waterholes and cattle-keeping pens might provide a conducive environment for leptospira transmission (Guitian et al 2001;Bharti et al 2003;Kuriakose et al 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such materials include contaminated urine, fetal fluids as well as water, moist soil or vegetation contaminated with urine from infected animals (Radostitis et al 2000;Mgode et al 2006). Leptospirosis has long been known to be present in Tanzania, especially in extensive and intensive farmed areas and has a strong economic impact (Guitian et al 2001;Swai et al 2005;Mgode et al 2006;Schoonman 2007). Besides the negative impact the disease has on livestock, leptospirosis is also a zoonosis and an occupational disease, more commonly known as Weil's syndrome.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herd- and animal-level risk factors for bovine leptospirosis in Tanga region of Tanzania

Schoonman

Swai²

2010

Trop Anim Health Prod

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Leptospirosis is the zoonosis of worldwide distribution and common cause of economic loss and ill health among animals and human populations. A cross-sectional seroprevalence study, using a microscopic agglutination test (MAT) with a threshold titre of >or=1:160, to elucidate disease magnitude, distribution and associated risk factors in cattle in Tanga, Tanzania was conducted from May 2003 to January 2004. Serum (n = 655) samples collected from randomly selected herds (n = 130) were tested for antibodies against four different Leptospira interrogans serovars (Bataviae, Tarassovi, Hardjo and Pomona) used in the agglutination test. Positive titres were detected in 30.3% [95% confidence intervals (CI) = 26.7-33.9] of cattle and 58.5% (95% CI = 49.5-67.1) of herds, respectively. Of the 198 MAT positive serum samples, 98 (49.5%) were positive against serovar Hardjo, 80 (40.4%) were positive against serovar Tarassovi, 12 (6.1%) was positive against serovar Bataviae and eight (4%) were positive against serovar Pomona. Associations found to be statistically significant in univariate analyses (at P < 0.1) were assessed by multivariable logistic regression to control for confounding factors. The results showed that risk factors for cattle were pasture grazing [odd ratio (OR) = 2.83, 95% CI = 1.57-5.12, P = 0.001], presence of goats/sheep on the farm (OR = 1.73, 95% CI = 1.17-2.56, P = 0.001) and age of the animal (OR = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.42-2.96, P = 0.001), while concrete floor housing was protective (OR = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.30-0.74, P = 0.001). Herds managed under pasture grazing system were more likely to be sero-positive than those managed under zero grazed practices (OR = 9.31; 95% CI = 3.67-23.64 for grazing herd). We concluded that bovine leptospirosis is an endemic and locally widespread disease in Tanga and suggest that it may play a role in zoonotic transmission to humans.

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“…Leptospirosis has long been known to be present in Tanzania, especially in extensive and intensive farmed areas and has a strong economic impact (Machang'u 1985;Guitian et al 2001;Swai et al 2005;Schoonman 2007). Besides the negative impact the disease has on livestock, leptospirosis is also a zoonosis and an occupational disease, more commonly known as Weil's syndrome.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A microbiological and serological study of leptospirosis among pigs in the Morogoro municipality, Tanzania

Kessy¹,

Machang’u

Swai³

2009

Trop Anim Health Prod

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Serological and microbiological studies on leptospirosis in pigs from Morogoro municipality, Tanzania were carried out between October 2007 and May 2008. Serum samples (n = 385) from apparently healthy pigs were tested by microscopic agglutination test for antibodies against live cultures of six known Leptospira interrogans serovars: Pomona, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Ballum, Tarassovi, Grippotyphosa and Hardjo. Significant positive titres were detected in 4.42% (17/385) of all the tested serum samples. Asceptically collected samples, urine (n = 236) and kidney tissues (n = 214), were cultured in enriched Fletcher's and Ellinghausen McCullough-Johnson and Harris media and assessed, at weekly intervals for 24 weeks, for growth by dark-field microscopy. Two leptospiral organisms were isolated from the urine samples. There was a statistical association between seroposivity and location that the subjects reside in (P < 0.05), whereas it was not significantly associated with sex nor age (P > 0.05). The evidence of pig exposure to different serovars and the isolation of the leptospiral organisms confirm that the infection is present in pigs although with an overall low prevalence. Apart from its economic importance on to the pig industry, this disease is a potential zoonotic public health risk in Tanzania, especially because of the lack of studies on leptospirosis among persons who handle pigs and pork products.

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Serological study of the frequency of leptospiral infections among dairy cows in farms with suboptimal reproductive efficiency in Galicia, Spain

Cited by 25 publications

References 24 publications

Seroprevalence of canine leptospirosis, in Urban and Periurban, Morogoro, Tanzania

Seroprevalence of canine leptospirosis, in Urban and Periurban, Morogoro, Tanzania

Herd- and animal-level risk factors for bovine leptospirosis in Tanga region of Tanzania

A microbiological and serological study of leptospirosis among pigs in the Morogoro municipality, Tanzania

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