Seroprevalence of small ruminant caprine arthritis encephalitis lentivirus among goats from selected small ruminant farms in Selangor, Malaysia

Jesse, Faez Firdaus Abdullah; Bitrus, Asinamai Athliamai; Abba, Yusuf; Raju, Veenosha Nehru; Hambali, Idris Umar; Peter, Innocent Damudu; Haron, Abd Wahid; Lila, Mohd Azmi Mohd; Norsidin, Jefri Mohd

doi:10.14202/vetworld.2018.172-176

Cited by 13 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The overall seroprevalence of SRLVs infection in goats has been reported in several countries. Similar seroprevalence (2.9-38.5%) that the ones reported in Romania were found in India (3.3%) [ 24 ], Oman (5.1%) [ 25 ], Sudan (5.8%) [ 26 ], Belgium (6%) [ 27 ], Malaysia (8.9%) [ 28 ], Japan (10%) [ 29 ], Liban (13.1%) [ 30 ], Kosovo (15.6%) [ 31 ], Italy (18.6%) [ 32 ], and Algeria (29.7%) [ 33 ]. Lower seroprevalence was reported in Switzerland (0.06%) [ 34 ] and higher in Brazil (49.5%) [ 35 ], Poland (51.6%) [ 36 ], Croatia (53.7%) [ 37 ], and Taiwan (61.7%) [ 38 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

The epidemiological background of small ruminant lentivirus infection in goats from Romania

et al. 2020

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Background and Aim: Caprine arthritis-encephalitis (CAE) is an economically significant viral disease of goats caused by a small ruminant lentivirus (SRLV) belonging to Retroviridae family. This study aimed to summarize current information on the epidemiological status of SRLVs infection in the population of goats from Romania and to point out the CAE incidence throughout the 2008-2018 periods. Materials and Methods: An exhaustive review of the papers published in the international literature concerning the epidemiological status of CAE in Romania was carried out using electronic databases, and available statistical data from the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) regarding the incidence of the disease between 2008 and 2018 were analyzed. Results: The true individual-level seroprevalence of CAE was estimated in 13 of 42 counties (31%) and ranged from 0.4% to roughly 40%. One hundred eighty-two outbreaks from 14 counties (33%) were reported, with a peak in 2010. Conclusion: The findings sourcing in the literature are very scarce and show disagreement with the situation reported by the national veterinary authorities. Lack of SRLVs screening policies represents the main obstacle in limiting the spread of the disease. Romania's National Sanitary Veterinary and Food Safety Authority should implement a program for diagnosis and surveillance of the disease to build a straightforward epidemiological picture that represents a prerequisite of any control and eradication program.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

The epidemiological background of small ruminant lentivirus infection in goats from Romania

et al. 2020

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“…2014 ). This study has revealed 21.4% (95% CI: 15.8–28.6) apparent and 20.6% (95% CI: 14.5–27.8) seroprevalence of CAEV among small ruminants, which is higher than a preliminary study that reported a 8.42% seroconversion rate among goats from Selangor, Malaysia ( Jesse et al . 2018 ), but is comparable to a previous survey by Al-Qudah et al .…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

“…The estimation of the sample size for herd level true prevalence of CAE in the study area was calculated using EpiTools ® statistical software according to Humphry et al . (2004) based on the assumptions of 95% confidence interval (CI), 5% desired absolute precision, 100% specificity, 99% sensitivity, and 8.42% assumed true prevalence as reported by Jesse et al . (2018) .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(2013) described the neurological signs, postmortem and histopathological features of CAE infection in a goat kid presented to the Large Animal Ward, University Veterinary Hospital (UVH), Universiti Putra Malaysia. The early studies provided some preliminary data and laid the foundation for the first-ever serological survey of CAE among small ruminants in the state of Selangor, where 8.8% of 91 goats tested positive for CAEV ( Jesse et al . 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Further Insights into Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis (CAE): The Current Status of Seroprevalence Among Small Ruminants in Two Selected States of Peninsular Malaysia

Paul

Hashi

Burhannuddin

et al. 2021

TLSR

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Caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) is a member of the genus lentivirus causing caprine arthritis-encephalitis (CAE), a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the lungs, joints, udder and central nervous system of small ruminants such as sheep and goats. CAE is distributed worldwide and is recognised as a significant cause of morbidity and decreased milk production in dairy goats. Earlier studies highlighted the clinicopathological features and supplied preliminary serological evidence for the existence of CAE among selected goat herds in Malaysia. Therefore, this study aims to provide further insights into the seroprevalence and contributing factors of CAE among sheep and goat herds in two states of Peninsular Malaysia. The blood samples and biodata were randomly collected from a total of 262 individual sheep (40) and goat (222) in seven smallholder farms. Blood sera were tested for specific anti-CAEV antibodies using Qayee-Bio CAEV sandwich-ELISA test kits according to standard procedures. Our results of the study revealed 21.4% (95% CI: 15.8–28.6) apparent and 20.6% (95% CI: 14.5–27.8) true seroprevalence with significant differences (p < 0.05) in seroconversion rates between the states, farms, production systems and breeds of small ruminants. The prevalence of CAE in the Malaysian Peninsular is a potential threat to the small ruminant industry and developing agricultural economy. Further studies are required to determine the genetic characteristics, distribution and risk factors of CAEV for effective prevention and control in Malaysia.

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“…Hobbyist farms in most cases are multispecies farms, and small ruminant lentivirus control programs should be concentrated on both sheep and goats. The lack of regular screening for small ruminant lentiviruses is increasing the spread of the disease [45][46][47].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Initial Multitarget Approach Shows Importance for Improved Caprine Arthritis-encephalitis Virus Control Program in Russia for Hobbyist Goat Farms

Shuralev¹,

Khammadov²,

Osyanin³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Aim: The aim of this study was to use a multi target approach to testing with both serological tests and an in-house real-time molecular test to investigate the prevalence of the caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) in goats from three hobbyist farms in the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia. Materials and Methods: We have approached the detection of using a multi target approach testing with both ELISA and an in-house real-time PCR test to investigate the prevalence of CAEV in goats. Animals from three hobbyist farms were used in this study. The animals from two farms (n=13 for F1 and n=8 for F2) had clinical signs of arthritis and mastitis. In the third farm (n=15 for F3), all goats were homebred and had no contact with imported animals. Results: CAEV antibodies (ELISA targets TM env and gag genes) were detected in serum samples from two farms (F1 and F2), indicating a seroprevalence 87.50-92.31%. Specific CAEV antibodies were also detected in milk samples. CAEV proviral DNA was detected in 53.85-62.50%. Results from all tests performed in the third farm (F3) were negative, indicting all tests were 100% specific.Conclusion: Results of this work show that CAEV is circulating and present in small hobbyist goat farms in Russia. Serological and molecular tests could be of importance for CAEV control and eradication programs in Russia for hobbyist goat farms.

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Seroprevalence of small ruminant caprine arthritis encephalitis lentivirus among goats from selected small ruminant farms in Selangor, Malaysia

Cited by 13 publications

References 18 publications

The epidemiological background of small ruminant lentivirus infection in goats from Romania

The epidemiological background of small ruminant lentivirus infection in goats from Romania

Further Insights into Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis (CAE): The Current Status of Seroprevalence Among Small Ruminants in Two Selected States of Peninsular Malaysia

Initial Multitarget Approach Shows Importance for Improved Caprine Arthritis-encephalitis Virus Control Program in Russia for Hobbyist Goat Farms

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