Serrated Polyps of Colon and Rectum: a Clinicopathologic Review

Geramizadeh, Bita; Robertson, Scott

doi:10.1007/s12029-017-9977-y

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Understanding the underlying mechanisms behind CRC tumorigenesis and metastasis will improve clinical treatment. Until recently, CRC has been divided into two categories: Colon carcinoma (CC) and rectal carcinoma (RC) (4). Unfortunately, numerous previous studies have not distinguished between these two distinct forms of carcinoma (5)(6)(7)(8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNA hsa-let-7e-5p as a potential prognosis marker for rectal carcinoma with liver metastases

et al. 2018

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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression that target mRNAs for translational repression or cleavage. The present study was conducted to identify differentially expressed miRNAs in primary tumor tissues of rectal carcinoma (RC) that may be associated with heterochrony hepatic metastasis (HHM). Samples were collected exclusively from patients with RC but not colon cancer (CC); Next-generation high-throughput sequencing technology and bioinformatics tools were used to profile and analyze small RNAs and their corresponding targets in primary tumor tissues with HHM (n=2) or without metastases (non-metastatic, NM; n=2). A total of 24 known miRNAs were identified to be differentially expressed (P<0.01; absolute value of log-fold change ≥1). Hsa-let-7e-5p exhibited the most significant elevation in tissues with HHM (log-fold change=2.62). By combining online informatics resources and previous mRNA sequencing data, it was identified that 54 validated target genes of let-7e were downregulated in primary tumor tissues with HHM. A number of these target genes have been demonstrated to be directly involved in tumor metastasis (including MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor, high-mobility group AT-Hook 2, peptidase inhibitor 3, KIT proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase, Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit and ribonuclease T2), or have physiological associations to immunity (including C-C motif chemokine receptor 4 and cluster of differentiation 40 ligand) and cellular metabolism (including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, coactivator 1 α). Next, 14 target genes were selected for reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis in non-sequenced samples, and the downregulation of 10 target genes in RC samples with HHM was confirmed. In addition, it was demonstrated that hsa-let-7e-5p stimulated colorectal cancer cell migration . The miRNA hsa-let-7e-5p may serve as a potential biomarker for rectal carcinoma-associated HHM, facilitating the identification of patients with RC who are at risk of developing HHM.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNA hsa-let-7e-5p as a potential prognosis marker for rectal carcinoma with liver metastases

et al. 2018

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“…Colorectal polyps exhibit different morphologic features with flat, depressed, serrated, sessile or pedunculated shapes and are often regarded as benign protrusions of the colon and rectum mucosa [1, 2]. There are many types of colorectal polyps, such as hyperplastic polyps and adenomatous polyps [2, 3]. Despite the low malignant potential, the possible malignant change in colorectal polyps is related to the presence of colorectal cancer (CRC).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic impact of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) polymorphism on the susceptibility to colorectal polyps: a meta-analysis

et al. 2019

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Background There are several studies with inconsistent conclusions regarding the association between the rs1801133 and rs1801131 polymorphisms within the MTHFR (methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase) gene and colorectal polyp risk. This discrepancy led us to assess the genetic impact of the two polymorphisms on the susceptibility to colorectal polyps. Methods A meta-analysis was carried out for quantitative synthesis. According to the inclusion/exclusion criteria, we retrieved, screened and selected all published articles related to colorectal polyps and the MTHFR rs1801133 and rs1801131 polymorphisms. The P value of association test, RRs (risk ratios) and 95% CIs (confidence intervals) were mainly produced. Results A total of twenty-three case-control studies were included from twenty-two eligible articles. Pooling the results of both rs1801133 and rs1801131 polymorphisms in the overall population suggested a nonsignificant association between colorectal polyp cases and controls, in that all P values in the test of association were larger than 0.05. Nevertheless, pooling results in the “UK” subgroup of rs1801131, comprising five studies (1257 cases/1407 controls), indicated an elevated risk in colorectal polyp cases in comparison with controls, under the genetic models of CC vs. AA ( P = 0.032, RR = 1.27, 95% CIs = 1.02, 1.57) and CC vs. AA+AC ( P = 0.036, RR = 1.27, 95% CIs = 1.02, 1.60). Conclusion The C/C genotype of MTHFR rs1801131 is more likely to be a genetic risk factor for colorectal polyps in the UK region, although this finding should be verified with a larger sample size. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12881-019-0822-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Colorectal polyps are abnormal growths and protrusions on the colorectal surface [ 1 , 2 ]. The many types of colorectal polyps are classified based on their pathological properties like hyperplastic polyps and adenomatous polyps [ 3 , 4 ]. Hyperplastic polyps have less malignant potential than adenomatous polyps [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The many types of colorectal polyps are classified based on their pathological properties like hyperplastic polyps and adenomatous polyps [ 3 , 4 ]. Hyperplastic polyps have less malignant potential than adenomatous polyps [ 4 ]. Although colorectal polyps are considered benign lesions, the malignant transformation of certain polyps, like sessile serrated colorectal polyps, is implicated in the carcinogenic process of the colon and rectum [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colorectal polyp risk is linked to an elevated level of homocysteine

Sun

Zhang

et al. 2018

Bioscience Reports

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Several studies have reported an association between levels of folate, homocysteine, and vitamin B12 and the risk of colorectal polyps. Here, our aim is to examine the possible effect of folate, homocysteine, and vitamin B12 levels on the risk of colorectal polyps by means of meta-analysis based quantitative synthesis. According to our inclusion/exclusion criteria, a total of 13 case–control studies were enrolled. The P-value of the association test, standard mean difference (SMD), and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. Pooled analysis data showed a negative correlation between the risk of colorectal polyps and the levels of serum folate, red blood cell (RBC) folate, or vitamin B12 (all P>0.05). Nevertheless, for homocysteine level, we also observed a statistically significant difference between cases and controls in the overall and subgroup analysis of hospital-based control (HB), population-based control (PB), Chinese, Caucasian, or Asian (all P<0.05, SMD > 0). We found that increased levels of homocysteine may be statistically and significantly related to the risk of colorectal polyps.

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Serrated Polyps of Colon and Rectum: a Clinicopathologic Review

Abstract: This large group of polyps has recently been better classified which needs specific attention by pathologists, gastroenterologists and even surgeons.

Cited by 11 publications

References 47 publications

MicroRNA hsa-let-7e-5p as a potential prognosis marker for rectal carcinoma with liver metastases

MicroRNA hsa-let-7e-5p as a potential prognosis marker for rectal carcinoma with liver metastases

Genetic impact of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) polymorphism on the susceptibility to colorectal polyps: a meta-analysis

Colorectal polyp risk is linked to an elevated level of homocysteine

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