Serum and peritoneal fluid concentrations of soluble human leukocyte antigen, tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 10 in patients with selected ovarian pathologies

Abstract

BackgroundAlthough immune system plays a key role in the pathogenesis of both endometriosis and ovarian cancer, its function is different. Therefore, we hypothesized, that selected immune parameters can serve as diagnostic markers of these two conditions. The aim of this study was to compare serum and peritoneal fluid concentrations of sHLA-G, IL-10 and TNF-alpha in women with selected ovarian pathologies: benign serous cysts, endometrioma and malignant tumors. Clinical significance of using them for diagnostic purposes in women with serous ovarian cysts, endometriosis, and ovarian cancer, which in the future may improve the early diagnosis of ovarian diseases.Case PresentationThe study included women treated surgically for benign serous ovarian cysts, ovarian endometrioma and serous ovarian adenocarcinomas. Peripheral blood and peritoneal fluid samples were obtained intraoperatively. Patients with benign serous cysts, endometrioma and ovarian malignancies did not differ significantly in terms of their serum and peritoneal fluid concentrations of sHLA-G. Ovarian cancer patients presented with significantly higher median serum concentrations of IL-10 and TNF-alpha than other study subjects. Median concentrations of IL-10 and TNF-alpha in peritoneal fluid turned out to be the highest in ovarian cancer patients, followed by women with endometrioma and subjects with benign serous cysts. All these intergroup differences were statistically significant. Irrespective of the group, median concentrations of sHLA-G, IL-10 and TNF-alpha in peritoneal fluid were higher than serum levels of these markers.ConclusionsElevated serum and peritoneal fluid concentrations of IL-10 and TNF-alpha distinguish ovarian malignancies and endometriomas from benign serous ovarian cysts. In contrast to endometriosis, ovarian malignancies are characterized by elevated peritoneal fluid concentrations of IL-10 and TNF-alpha, elevated serum concentrations of IL-10 and low serum levels of TNF-alpha. Serum and peritoneal fluid concentrations of sHLA-G have no diagnostic value in differentiating between ovarian malignancies and endometriomas.

IL6, IL8, and IL10 in the distinction of malignant ovarian neoplasms and endometriomas

“…20 In a study evaluating patients with benign ovarian cysts, endometriomas, and ovarian malignancies, serum IL-10 levels were significantly higher in ovarian cancer patients than the other study groups. 21 In the study by Măluţan et al, 23 the serum IL-10 level was also significantly higher in women diagnosed with endometriosis compared to the control group. Evaluating the serum levels of IL-10, our study found a cut-off value of 12.56 pg/mL in the differentiation of cancer and endometrioma.…”

Micro-RNA profile and proteins in peritoneal fluid from women with endometriosis: their relationship with sterility

“…Regarding miR-451a, Graham's team has recently published two studies showing increased levels of this miRNA in ovarian endometriomas that correlate with lesion size and with its serum levels (30,31). Provided that PF is mainly composed of blood components (32), and usually up-regulated proteins in serum are proportionally up-regulated in PF (33), our results are in accordance with Graham's, suggesting an important role for miR-451a as a mediator of inflammation in the peritoneal microenvironment. Furthermore, miR-451a has been characterized as the most abundant miRNA in plasma and the main miRNA within erythrocytes (34,35).…”

Lysophosphatidic acid induces tumor necrosis factor‐alpha to regulate a pro‐inflammatory cytokine network in ovarian cancer

“…[62][63][64][65][66][67] Many cytokines and chemokines including TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, and CXCL1 are significantly increased in serum, ascites or tumor samples of ovarian cancer patients. [7][8][9][10]30 Biological studies have shown that both ovarian tumor cells and tumor-infiltrating immune cells contribute to elevated levels of TNF-α and other inflammatory mediators in ovarian tumors. 1,2,6 As a primary pro-inflammatory factor, TNF-α acts as an endogenous promoter of a variety of oncogenic processes such as cellular transformation, survival, proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis.…”

“…1 TNF-α and other inflammatory mediators were detected at elevated levels in the serum and ascites of ovarian cancer patients. [7][8][9][10] It is now well established that, in addition to host immune cells, ovarian tumor cells are a clinically relevant source of these elevated inflammatory cytokines in vivo.…”