Serum apelin is associated with affective disorders in peritoneal dialysis patients

Abstract

Objective: Depression and anxiety are prevalent affective disorders in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Recent research has proposed a potential role of apelinergic system in pathogenesis of depression. The present study aimed to evaluate the frequency of depression and anxiety and their potential relation with serum apelin levels among PD patients. Methods: A total of 40 PD patients were enrolled into the study. Depressive symptoms and anxiety were assessed with the Beck's Depression Inventory and the Beck's Anxiety Inventory. Serum apelin-12 levels were measured by immunoenzymatic assays using commercially available ELISA kit for standard human apelin. Results: Of the patients, 16 (40%) had depression, 20 (50%) had anxiety. The patients with depression and anxiety had a significantly longer time on dialysis (p < 0.001 for both), significantly higher serum apelin (p < 0.001 for both) and C-reactive protein levels (p < 0.001 for both) than those without depression and anxiety. In multivariate analysis, serum apelin was the only parameter associated independently with depression and anxiety scores. Conclusions: A substantial number of PD patients had depression and anxiety. Increased levels of serum apelin may constitute a significant independent predictor of development of depression and anxiety in PD patients. ARTICLE HISTORY

The Apelin/APJ System in Psychosis and Neuropathy

“…aplnr mRNA has been found in the amygdala, hypothalamus, Ammon's horn, and the dentate gyrus (Lee et al, 2000;Reaux et al, 2001), suggesting a potential role of the apelin/APJ system in emotional behavior. Peritoneal dialysis patients with depression and anxiety had a significantly higher serum apelin than those without depression and anxiety (Oguz et al, 2016).…”

A Systematic Review of the Evidence on Inflammation in Depressive Illness and Symptoms, in Chronic and End Stage Kidney Disease

“…Three were from East Asia and using a BDI cut of score of >14, they found elevated CRP levels in DS compared to the no DS group 39,40,47 . Three others found the same using a BDI cut-off score of >10 or >13 41,47,48 . All studies using the HAMD or Zung depression scale reported significantly higher CRP levels amongst those with DS 38, 40 44, 46 .…”

“…There were 13 studies reporting significant associations between CRP and DS. [38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50] Eight of these were fit for purpose studies. Three were from East Asia and using a BDI cut of score of >14, they found elevated CRP levels in DS compared to the no DS group 39,40,47 .…”

Association of Apelin and Apelin Receptor Polymorphisms With the Risk of Comorbid Depression and Anxiety in Coronary Heart Disease Patients

“…However, other studies have shown controversial roles of APLN in psychosis. For example, patients on peritoneal dialysis, who had depression and anxiety, had higher serum apelin levels than those without depression and anxiety (Gok Oguz et al, 2016). Furthermore, apelin-13 exhibited depression-promoting effects in both forced swimming and tail suspension tests (Lv et al, 2012).…”

“…A previous meta-analysis has shown that the circulating apelin level is a prominent athero-protective marker against the development of CAD, while the APLNR rs9943582 polymorphism in the APLNR promoter, is associated with an increased risk of CAD (Chen et al, 2017). Furthermore, increased levels of serum apelin have been shown to be significant independent predictors of the development of depression and anxiety in patients on peritoneal dialysis (Gok Oguz et al, 2016).…”