Serum Biochemistry and Electrophoretic Patterns in the Eurasian Buzzard (Buteo buteo): Reference Values

Gelli, D; Ferrari, V.; Franceschini, Franco; Lai, Olimpia; Laricchiuta, Piero; Zanella, A.; Bernardini, Daniele; Romagnoli, Stefano

doi:10.7589/0090-3558-45.3.828

Cited by 14 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…These results suggest that severe lesions involving neurological structures usually carry a fatal prognosis, despite good BC. A large number of studies have been published referencing haematological and biochemical values, and their application in the veterinary treatment of individual wild raptors (Spagnolo et al 2008;Gelli et al 2009;Hern andez & Margalida 2010;Black et al 2011). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Prognostic indicators associated with early mortality of wild raptors admitted to a wildlife rehabilitation centre in Spain

Molina‐López

Casal

Darwich

2014

Veterinary Quarterly

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Prognostic indicators associated with early mortality of wild raptors admitted to a wildlife rehabilitation centre in Spain

Molina‐López

Casal

Darwich

2014

Veterinary Quarterly

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“…10,11 APPs are clinically useful in a range of domesticated mammals; 3,23,28,33 however, knowledge is limited in nondomesticated species, including reptiles. 4,5,16,18,34,36 The eastern box turtle faces many challenges in a free-ranging setting, some of which include trauma, infectious disease, and environmental alterations such as urbanization decreasing natural habitat ranges. 1,7,29 Due to these factors, wildlife health monitoring and studies of population health trends can give valuable insight into the ecologic health of the species within a particular region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PLASMA ELECTROPHORETIC PROFILES AND HEMOGLOBIN BINDING PROTEIN REFERENCE INTERVALS IN THE EASTERN BOX TURTLE (TERRAPENE CAROLINA CAROLINA) AND INFLUENCES OF AGE, SEX, SEASON, AND LOCATION

Flower¹,

Byrd²,

Cray³

et al. 2014

Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine

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Evaluation of plasma electrophoretic profiles and acute phase protein concentrations may play a valuable role in health assessment of reptiles; however, little is known about reference intervals in free-ranging eastern box turtles (Terrapene carolina carolina). The purpose of this study was to establish reference intervals of protein electrophoretic profiles and hemoglobin binding protein ([HBP] as determined by a haptoglobin assay) in free-ranging eastern box turtles and to assess any possible correlations between varying age class (adults vs. juvenile), sex (male, female, or unknown), season (spring, summer, or fall), or location (Tennessee vs. Illinois). Blood samples were obtained from 324 eastern box turtles from 2010 to 2012 at three sites in Illinois and one site in Tennessee, USA. Significant differences were observed with total protein (sex, season, state, Illinois location), albumin (age class, season, state, Illinois location), α-1 globulins (sex, season, Illinois location), α-2 globulins (sex, season, state, Illinois location), β globulins (age class, sex, season, state, Illinois location), γ globulins (sex, season state, Illinois location), and hemoglobin binding protein (age class, sex, state, Illinois location). The use of electrophoretic profiles and acute phase proteins is a relatively new concept in reptilian medicine, and this study allowed for establishment of references intervals in the eastern box turtle and emphasized differences that occured based on age, sex, season, and location. Future research in this area can now build on these data to determine changes in population health over time or alterations due to specific environmental or disease threats.

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“…Infection was significantly associated with elevated heterophil, AST, LDH, BA and BuChE, but decreased lymphocyte and monocyte values. Regarding these seven parameters, all were within the species-specific standard range, with the exception of LDH in northern goshawks, where the values of uninfected also deviated from references ( Chitty and Lierz, 2008 ; Gelli et al, 2009 ; Hanauska-Brown et al, 2003 ; Hernandez et al, 1990 ; Stout et al, 2010 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…However, blood parameter differences between species, even between closely related ones, are common ( Fudge, 2000 ) and there is substantial variation of reference values within each species [e.g. Hernandez et al (1990) , Gelli et al (2009) for common buzzards; Hanauska-Brown et al (2003) , Stout et al (2010) for northern goshawks]. Besides species variations, we found significant blood parameter differences between uninfected raptor chicks and those infected with Leucocytozoon species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

The prevalence of Leucocytozoon spp. in nestlings of three wild raptor species including implications on haematological and blood chemistry values

Wiegmann

Springer

Rinaud

et al. 2021

International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife

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Leucocytozoonosis is a vector-borne infection of birds, caused by members of the haemosporidian genus Leucocytozoon . The clinical presentation may range from asymptomatic to severe disease. Consequences of Leucocytozoon infection on blood profiles remain to be described, especially for different host species in the wild. In the current study, the prevalence of Leucocytozoon infection was determined in wild nestlings of three European raptor species, the common buzzard ( Buteo buteo , n = 464), red kite ( Milvus milvus , n = 46) and northern goshawk ( Accipiter gentilis , n = 18). Among 528 nestlings, 51.9% (n = 274) were infected with Leucocytozoon spp., whereby the highest prevalence was found in common buzzards (54.9%), followed by red kites (32.6%) and northern goshawks (22.2%). For a subset of 87 individuals (50 common buzzards, 29 red kites, 8 northern goshawks), a detailed analysis of differential leukocyte counts and several blood chemistry parameters in response to infection was conducted: AP (alkaline phosphatase), AST (aspartate aminotransferase), GLDH (glutamate dehydrogenase), LDH (lactate dehydrogenase), GGT (gamma glutamyl transferase), CK (creatine kinase), BuChE (butyrylcholinesterase), BA (bile acids), ALB (albumin) and TP (total protein). Even though in the physiological range, infected nestlings displayed significantly increased levels of heterophils, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, bile acids and butyrylcholinesterase, but decreased lymphocyte and monocyte values compared to uninfected ones. Furthermore, significant species differences with regard to blood parameters, but no sex differences were found. Overall, obtained results show a high prevalence, but a low pathogenicity of Leucocytozoon spp. in wild raptor chicks, presumably resulting from coevolutionary adaptation, but show signatures of infection in the haematological and blood chemistry profiles.

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Serum Biochemistry and Electrophoretic Patterns in the Eurasian Buzzard (Buteo buteo): Reference Values

Cited by 14 publications

References 8 publications

Prognostic indicators associated with early mortality of wild raptors admitted to a wildlife rehabilitation centre in Spain

Prognostic indicators associated with early mortality of wild raptors admitted to a wildlife rehabilitation centre in Spain

PLASMA ELECTROPHORETIC PROFILES AND HEMOGLOBIN BINDING PROTEIN REFERENCE INTERVALS IN THE EASTERN BOX TURTLE (TERRAPENE CAROLINA CAROLINA) AND INFLUENCES OF AGE, SEX, SEASON, AND LOCATION

The prevalence of Leucocytozoon spp. in nestlings of three wild raptor species including implications on haematological and blood chemistry values

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