Serum interleukin-6 as a serologic marker of chronic periapical lesions: a case-control study

Abdolsamadi, Hamid Reza; Vahedi, Mohammad; Esmaeili, Farzad; Nazari, Shahrzad; Abdollahzadeh, Shermin

doi:10.5681/joddd.2008.009

Cited by 5 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In recent years, a popular topic in endodontics' research has been the examination of the systemic consequences of these inflammatory mediators (IM). Many studies have been published about circulating IM in the blood of people with AP (Abdolsamadi et al, 2008 ; Cotti et al, 2011 , 2015 ; Garrido et al, 2019 ; Harjunmaa et al, 2018 ). A recent systematic review and meta‐analysis showed that systemically healthy individuals with AP presented higher concentrations of some IM in blood than in healthy individuals without AP and that multiple lesions were associated with more circulatory IM (Georgiou et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of apical periodontitis on circulatory inflammatory mediators in peripheral blood: A prospective case–control study

Georgiou

Twisk

Ouwerling³

et al. 2022

Int Endodontic J

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Aim To explore the influence of apical periodontitis (AP) on inflammatory markers in blood of otherwise healthy individuals and to depict the inflammatory profile of the healing after dental extraction. Methodology This is a prospective case–control intervention study, during which, individuals with a diagnosis of AP of one affected tooth were included, along with a control group matched for age and gender. A broad panel of blood inflammatory mediators was examined longitudinally in all subjects during six visits. In the case of the AP subjects, the tooth with AP was extracted at the third visit. Results were analysed by linear regression analyses and linear mixed‐model analyses. Results A total of 53 subjects were included in the study, 27 with AP and 26 without. Fifteen females and 12 males were included in the AP group, and 14 females and 12 males in the control group. At baseline, granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (p < .001), interleukin (IL)‐1β (p = .03) and IL‐4 (p = .01) were significantly lower in AP subjects than in controls. Comparison of the differences between baseline and the last visit, i.e. 3 months after the tooth extraction, showed a significant reduction in IL‐10 (p = .03) and IL‐12p70 (p = .01). Conclusions The immunologic profile of chronic AP in one tooth and its healing profile reveals a systemic low‐grade inflammation through compensatory immunosuppression. A larger lesion or multiple lesions could disrupt the balance that the system is trying to maintain, resulting in loss of homeostasis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of apical periodontitis on circulatory inflammatory mediators in peripheral blood: A prospective case–control study

Georgiou

Twisk

Ouwerling³

et al. 2022

Int Endodontic J

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“…For instance, tissue analysis ( 15 – 18 ), absence of a control group ( 19 – 22 ), and non-observational studies ( 23 , 24 ), treatment analyses ( 25 , 26 ), microorganism analyses ( 27 ) and lack of information ( 28 ). Therefore, 17 articles remained in the systematic review ( 6 , 29 – 44 ) distributed across cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control studies, as shown in Figure 1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 3 shows the ratio of the number of articles for each material. The main material analyzed was blood plasma, with 12 articles ( 29 , 31 – 35 , 37 , 38 , 40 , 41 , 41 , 2020; 43 ). Saliva was evaluated in four studies ( 6 , 36 , 42 , 44 ), and only one study ( 30 ) evaluated the gingival crevicular fluid.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The average sample size was ± 94.56, with a combination of males and women. The form of biomarker evaluation was primarily verified by the ELISA test in nine of the selected studies ( 6 , 29 – 31 , 33 , 38 , 39 , 41 , 44 ), with the remaining eight alternating between spectrophotometrically, system cadmium-copper reagent, glomax luminomete ( 35 ); enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kits ( 36 and 32 ); Biological antioxidant potential (BAP) test and d-ROMs test ( 37 ); Gauging system ( 40 ); Agilent 5977B interfaced to the GC 7890B ( 42 ), radioimmunodiffusion ( 43 ) and immunoassay customized kits ( 34 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is there any association between the presence of biomarkers and apical periodontitis? A systematic review

Matos-Sousa,

Chemelo,

Frazão

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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This systematic review aimed to verify whether there is evidence of an association between apical periodontitis and the presence of systemic biomarkers. This study adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses - PRISMA. For this, the acronym PECO was used; population (P) of adult humans exposed (E) to the presence of apical periodontitis, compared (C) to adult humans without apical periodontitis, and the outcome (O) of the presence of biomarkers was observed. The articles were searched in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, Cochrane Library, OpenGray, and Google Scholar grey databases. Subsequently, studies were excluded based on title, abstract, and full article reading, following the eligibility criteria. The methodological quality of the selected studies was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa qualifier. After exclusion, 656 studies were identified, resulting in 17 final articles that were divided into case-control, cross-sectional, and cohort studies. Eight studies were considered to have a low risk of bias, one had a medium risk of bias, and eight had a high risk of bias. In addition, 12 articles evaluated biomarkers in blood plasma, four evaluated them in saliva, and only one evaluated them in gingival crevicular fluid. The results of these studies indicated an association between apical periodontitis and the systemic presence of biomarkers. These markers are mainly related to inflammation, such as interleukins IL-1, IL-2, and IL-6, oxidative markers, such as nitric oxide and superoxide anions, and immunoglobulins IgG and IgM.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier (CRD42023493959).

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“…There is emerging evidence supporting that apical periodontitis can modify the systemic levels of inflammatory markers (e.g., high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-12, IL-10, tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-8 andMMP-9), soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (sVCAM-1), endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule (E-selectin), and intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)), Immunoglobulin (Ig) A, IgM, IgG, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and complement-C3 levels) in humans [ 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 , 99 , 100 , 101 ]. This can contribute to increased systemic inflammation.…”

Section: Systemic Inflammatory Mediatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Endodontic Infection, Its Treatment and Systemic Health: A Narrative Review

Niazi

Bakhsh

2022

Medicina

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The ‘Focal Infection Era in Dentistry’ in the late 19th and early 20th century resulted in widespread implementation of tooth extraction and limited the progress of endodontics. The theory proposed that bacteria and toxins entrapped in dentinal tubules could disseminate systemically to remote body parts, resulting in many types of degenerative systemic diseases. This theory was eventually refuted due to anecdotal evidence. However, lately there has been increased interest in investigating whether endodontic disease could have an impact on general health. There are reviews that have previously been carried out on this subject, but as new data have emerged since then, this review aims to appraise the available literature investigating the dynamic associations between apical periodontitis, endodontic treatment, and systemic health. The available evidence regarding focal infection theory, bacteraemia and inflammatory markers was appraised. The review also collated the available research arguing the associations of apical periodontitis with cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, adverse pregnancy outcome and autoimmune disorders, along with the effect of statins and immunomodulators on apical periodontitis prevalence and endodontic treatment prognosis. There is emerging evidence that bacteraemia and low-grade systemic inflammation associated with apical periodontitis may negatively impact systemic health, e.g., development of cardiovascular diseases, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and diabetic metabolic dyscontrol. However, there is limited information supporting the effect of diabetes mellitus or autoimmune disorders on the prevalence and prognosis post endodontic treatment. Furthermore, convincing evidence supports that successful root canal treatment has a beneficial impact on systemic health by reducing the inflammatory burden, thereby dismissing the misconceptions of focal infection theory. Although compelling evidence regarding the association between apical periodontitis and systemic health is present, further high-quality research is required to support and establish the benefits of endodontic treatment on systemic health.

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Serum interleukin-6 as a serologic marker of chronic periapical lesions: a case-control study

Cited by 5 publications

References 22 publications

The influence of apical periodontitis on circulatory inflammatory mediators in peripheral blood: A prospective case–control study

The influence of apical periodontitis on circulatory inflammatory mediators in peripheral blood: A prospective case–control study

Is there any association between the presence of biomarkers and apical periodontitis? A systematic review

Association between Endodontic Infection, Its Treatment and Systemic Health: A Narrative Review

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