Serum LH Correlates Highly With Intratesticular Steroid Levels in Normal Men

Roth, Mara Y.; Lin, Kelvin; Amory, John K.; Matsumoto, Alvin M.; Anawalt, Bradley D.; Snyder, Christin N.; Kalhorn, Thomas F.; Bremner, William J.; Page, Stephanie T.

doi:10.2164/jandrol.109.008391

Cited by 43 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…As the secretion of testosterone is regulated by LH, the decreased serum testosterone level was as a result of low LH levels in mice. Although intratesticular testosterone levels were shown to be significantly higher than serum testosterone levels [25], the intratesticular testosterone highly correlated with serum testosterone [26]. Thus, the decreased serum testosterone level indicated the inhibited testosterone production in the testis which lead to impaired spermatogenesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Effect of Cyanotoxins on the Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Gonadal Axis in Male Adult Mouse

Xiong

Zhong

2014

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundMicrocystins LR (MC-LR) are hepatotoxic cyanotoxins that have been shown to induce reproductive toxicity, and Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Gonadal Axis (HPG) is responsible for the control of reproductive functions. However, few studies have been performed to evaluate the effects of MC-LR on HPG axis. This study aimed to investigate the MC-LR-induced toxicity in the reproductive system of mouse and focus on the HPG axis.MethodsAdult male C57BL/6 mice were exposed to various concentrations of MC-LR (0, 3.75, 7.50, 15.00 and 30.00 µg/kg body weight per day) for 1 to 14 days, and it was found that exposure to different concentrations of MC-LR significantly disturbed sperm production in the mice testes in a dose- and time-dependent manner. To elucidate the associated possible mechanisms, the serum levels of testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) were assessed. Meanwhile, PCR assays were employed to detect alterations in a series of genes involved in HPG axis, such as FSH, LH, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and their complement receptors. Furthermore, the effect of MC-LR on the viability and testosterone production of Leydig cells were tested in vitro. Results: MC-LR significantly impaired the spermatogenesis of mice possibly through the direct or indirect inhibition of GnRH synthesis at the hypothalamic level, which resulted in reduction of serum levels of LH that lead to suppression of testosterone production in the testis of mice.ConclusionsMC-LR may be a GnRH toxin that would disrupt the reproductive system of mice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Effect of Cyanotoxins on the Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Gonadal Axis in Male Adult Mouse

Xiong

Zhong

2014

PLoS ONE

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“…Thirty-seven men completed all study procedures. A blood sample for the assessment of serum hormones and proteins and a unilateral testicular fine needle aspiration were performed on Day 1 (2, 34). We then administered acyline (NeoMPS, San Diego, CA), a GnRH antagonist, 300 mcg/kg subcutaneously to all subjects.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Androgens play a vital role in spermatogenesis. Testosterone (T), secreted by testicular Leydig cells upon stimulation by luteinizing hormone (LH), is present in very high concentrations within the testes, 100–1000 fold higher than the concentrations found in the circulation (2–7). Infertile men with low gonadotropins, and in some cases men with idiopathic infertility, can be treated with exogenous gonadotropins in an effort to initiate or optimize spermatogenesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum insulin-like factor 3 is highly correlated with intratesticular testosterone in normal men with acute, experimental gonadotropin deficiency stimulated with low-dose human chorionic gonadotropin: a randomized, controlled trial

Roth

Lin

Bay

et al. 2013

Fertility and Sterility

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Objective To study the potential role for using serum biomarkers including insulin-like factor 3 (INSL3), 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP), anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and inhibin B (INHB) as correlates of intratesticular testosterone (IT-T) concentrations in men. Design Prospective, randomized-controlled trial Setting University-based medical center Patients 37 healthy men ages 18–50 Interventions All men received the gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist, acyline, plus very low doses of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) (0 IU, 15 IU, 60 IU or 125 IU) subcutaneously every other day or 7.5 grams testosterone gel daily (7.5 mg delivered). IT-T concentrations obtained by percutaneous testicular aspiration with simultaneous serum protein and steroid concentrations were measured at baseline and after 10 days of treatment. Main Outcome Measures Intratesticular and serum hormone and gonadotropin concentrations Results Following 10 days of gonadotropin suppression, serum INSL3 decreased by over 90% and correlated highly with IT-T concentrations. In contrast, serum INHB, AMH and 17-OHP did not correlate with IT-T. Serum INSL3 increased with the dose of hCG administered and returned to baseline after treatment. Conclusions Serum INSL3 correlates highly with IT-T and serum testosterone concentrations during acute gonadotropin suppression in men. HCG stimulates dose-dependent increases in INSL3 and IT-T in healthy men and might be a useful biomarker of IT-T concentration in some clinical settings. Clinicaltrials.gov NCT# 00839319

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“…Serum LH correlates highly with intra-testicular testosterone and accounts for most of the variation in IT-T [27]. When LH is suppressed, IT-T levels are similarly reduced dramatically [27,28].…”

Section: Exogenous Testosterone Therapy and Intra-testicular Testostementioning

confidence: 98%

“…When LH is suppressed, IT-T levels are similarly reduced dramatically [27,28]. Exogenous testosterone therapy has been shown to reduce IT-T to ~2% of control levels by means of LH and FSH suppression [17].…”

Section: Exogenous Testosterone Therapy and Intra-testicular Testostementioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between Anti-mullerian Hormone, Testosterone, Luteinizing Hormone and Follicle Stimulating Hormone in Men on Testosterone Therapy

Hadlow¹,

Hamilton²,

Joseph³

et al. 2017

Clin Med Biochemistry

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Aim: To assess if testosterone therapy, with suppression of LH and FSH altered AMH levels in men. Study background:AMH is an important male hormone and is increasingly measured by laboratories for men and women's health assessments. This prospective study was conducted in community medical centres to assess the effects of testosterone on AMH levels in men.Methods: Men (n=15) with androgen deficiency symptoms, who were prescribed a trial of testosterone therapy by their own practitioner for at least 6 months, consented to participate in a study measuring AMH pre-therapy and post-therapy. Testosterone therapy was given to achieve LH and FSH suppression. Measurement of testosterone, LH, FSH and AMH at baseline and post testosterone therapy on at least 2 occasions including at 6 months was completed in all men. Men with abnormal baseline biochemistry (elevated LH or testosterone below age appropriate ranges) were excluded (n=5) from further study. Results:In the study group baseline LH was normal (<8 U/L) and baseline testosterone was 7-23 (mean 12 nmol/L) and within age specific intervals. Mean baseline AMH was 36 pmol/L (range 19-89) and within age related intervals. A significant rise (p=0.001) of at least 1.5-fold in testosterone occurred post treatment (range 1.5-7.5-fold increase) with suppression of LH to <1 U/L with therapy. AMH showed variable changes after testosterone. There was no significant trend in AMH either rising or falling compared to baseline and levels were not associated with testosterone (p=0.197) nor affected by the suppression of FSH or LH (p=0.683, 0.271 respectively). Conclusions:No significant pattern of change occurs in AMH in adult men at 6 months undergoing exogenous testosterone therapy. Laboratories do not need to adjust AMH reference intervals for effects of testosterone therapy in men with normal baseline LH and testosterone prior to therapy.

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Serum LH Correlates Highly With Intratesticular Steroid Levels in Normal Men

Cited by 43 publications

References 30 publications

Effect of Cyanotoxins on the Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Gonadal Axis in Male Adult Mouse

Effect of Cyanotoxins on the Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Gonadal Axis in Male Adult Mouse

Serum insulin-like factor 3 is highly correlated with intratesticular testosterone in normal men with acute, experimental gonadotropin deficiency stimulated with low-dose human chorionic gonadotropin: a randomized, controlled trial

Relationships between Anti-mullerian Hormone, Testosterone, Luteinizing Hormone and Follicle Stimulating Hormone in Men on Testosterone Therapy

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