Serum soluble ST2 and interleukin-33 levels in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension

Nuclear IL-33 regulates soluble ST2 receptor and IL-6 expression in primary human arterial endothelial cells and is decreased in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension

“…IL-33 and sST2 have been implicated in several cardiovascular diseases [11,34] and sST2 is increased in the plasma of PAH patients [26]. We found no significant increase in serum IL-33 concentrations in IPAH patients compared to control subjects (75.0±8.56pg/ml, n=8 vs. 67.5±2.8pg/ml, n=6, p=0.476, two-tailed t-test) (Figure2A).…”

“…IL-33 has a protective effect, by promoting Th1 to Th2 T-cell cytokine skewing, in ApoE -/-model of atherosclerosis which is reversed by sST2 [23]. Interestingly, higher serum sST2 levels are predictive of increased mortality in heart failure [24], various respiratory diseases [25] and PAH [26].…”

Prolonged activation of IL-5–producing ILC2 causes pulmonary arterial hypertrophy

“…Circulating IL-33 is likely to reach the lung tissue, and it ultimately leads to arterial hypertrophy, which is consistent with our observation of arterial hypertrophy following systemic IL-33 administration. More directly, serum levels of soluble ST2 in patients with PAH were found to be significantly elevated (37). The increased soluble ST2 levels may have resulted from enhanced IL-33 secretion during the early stages of development of PAH in patients.…”

Soluble ST2 and N-terminal pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide Combination

“…9 Their study, however, did not describe the relationship between sST2 level and clinical prognosis, and the superiority of sST2 over other potential biomarkers. Hence, we conducted the present study to determine whether sST2 is the optimal biomarker.…”