Serum Uric Acid to High‑density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio is Associated with Visceral Fat in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract

To determine whether the uric acid/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (UHR) is associated with visceral fat area (VFA) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: Participants aged 18-70 years with a diagnosis of T2DM were recruited from the National Metabolic Management Center from January 2020 to July 2022. Medical data collected for all participants included medical history, general measures, carotid intimamedia thickness, abdominal VFA, and subcutaneous fat area (SFA). The participants were divided into groups according to VFA ≥100 cm 2 (n=109) and VFA <100 cm 2 (n=100). Results: Compared with the VFA <100 cm 2 group, the VFA ≥100 cm 2 group had higher height, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), SFA, fasting plasma glucose, fasting insulin, C peptide, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase, γ-glutamine acyltransferase (γ-GGT), uric acid (UA), triglyceride (TG), and UHR measurements and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (P<0.05). No significant difference was observed between the groups for age, duration of T2DM, diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, IMT, glycosylated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Positive correlations were found between the UHR and height, weight, BMI, WC, HC, C peptide, ALT, γ-GGT, TG, and UA, as well as between VFA and these variables (P<0.05). Both the UHR and VFA were negatively correlated with HDL-C (P<0.05). Positive correlations were observed between VFA and the UHR as well as UA (P<0.05), and a negative correlation was found between VFA and HDL-C (P<0.05). Multivariate linear stepwise regression identified BMI, WC, UHR, SFA, and HC as influencing factors for VFA (P<0.05). Conclusion: UHR was positively associated with VFA in T2DM patients and may be a useful and convenient additional tool for metabolic risks in these patients.

Impaired Sensitivity to Thyroid Hormones Is Associated With the Change of Abdominal Fat in Euthyroid Type 2 Diabetes Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study

“…The pathogenesis of obesity is attributed not solely to overall fat content but also to fat distribution. Visceral fat, specifically, has a strong association with insulin resistance [ 31 , 32 ] and is widely recognized as a significant risk factor for the development of comorbidities associated with obesity [ 33 – 35 ]. As this study represents the first investigation into the longitudinal relationship between thyroid hormone sensitivity and abdominal fat content, there is limited availability of comparative data.…”

Association between serum uric acid to high density lipoprotein-cholesterol ratio and arterial stiffness in a Japanese population

“…[18] In a separate investigation, Chinese researchers focused their efforts on UHR and discovered a connection between visceral adiposity and elevated UHR levels in patients with type 2 diabetes. [19] Additionally, there is emerging evidence suggesting a potential association between UHR and the regulation of ALT levels in Chinese children and adolescents with short stature. [20]…”

Uric acid, high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and their ratio are related to microbial enterotypes and serum metabolites in females with a blood stasis constitution

“…The UA to HDLC ratio (UHR) has recently emerged as a potentially valuable clinical indicator of metabolic abnormalities. Increasing evidence suggests that an increased UHR is associated with heightened risks of chronic kidney disease [ 7 ], insulin resistance [ 8 , 9 ], metabolic syndrome [ 10 , 11 ], and cardiovascular disease [ 12 , 13 ], underscoring its potential as a valuable adjunct to conventional risk factors in identifying individuals at higher risk of developing metabolic disorders.…”