Serum vitamin D status is associated with the presence but not the severity of primary open angle glaucoma

Abstract

a b s t r a c tObjectives: Vitamin D is involved in visual health and function. Our objective was to determine whether age-related vitamin D insufficiency was associated with the presence and the severity of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) in a case-control study of older adults. Study design: Case-control study.Main outcome measures. One hundred fifty cases diagnosed with moderate-to-severe POAG (mean, 75.1 ± 8.5 years; 42.0% female) and 164 healthy controls (mean, 73.0 ± 7.9 years; 59.8% female) were included. POAG diagnosis was based on classical diagnostic criteria of optic nerve cupping and/or RNFL thinning, measured with optical coherence tomography. Severe POAG was defined as Humphrey visual field mean deviation (MD) worse than −12 dB. Vitamin D insufficiency was defined as serum 25OHD ≤ 75 nmol/L. Age, gender, mean arterial pressure, vitamin D supplementation, visual acuity, and intraocular pressure were used as potential confounders. Results: POAG cases had lower mean serum 25OHD concentration than controls (42.9 ± 25.7 nmol/L versus 49.4 ± 29.5 nmol/L, P = 0.039) and a greater prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency (90.7% versus 82.3%, P = 0.032). Increased mean serum 25OHD concentrations were associated with lower POAG frequency, even after adjustment for potential confounders (OR = 0.89 per 10 nmol/L of 25OHD, P = 0.045). Similarly, vitamin D insufficiency was associated with POAG (OR = 2.09, P = 0.034). Among POAG cases, no 25OHD difference was observed between moderate and severe POAG cases (respectively, 39.2 ± 23.3 nmol/L versus 45.1 ± 26.7 nmol/L, P = 0.188); and no between-group difference regarding the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency (88.9% versus 94.0%, P = 0.313). Conclusions: Decreased serum 25OHD concentration was associated with POAG. There was no 25OHD difference between moderate and severe POAG.

Lack of Association between Serum Vitamin B6, Vitamin B12, and Vitamin D Levels with Different Types of Glaucoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Several studies have shown that serum vitamin B 12 levels are elevated in NTG, POAG, and EXG [6,10,11], but others have reported decreased levels of serum vitamin B 12 [9,12]. Moreover, although most studies have found that the serum vitamin D level is decreased in glaucoma patients compared with controls [13,14], the difference in vitamin D levels between glaucoma patients and controls is limited.…”

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level is associated with myopia in the Korea national health and nutrition examination survey

“…[22–28] The relationship between 25(OH)D and several ocular diseases, such as myopia, age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, uveitis, and glaucoma, is also under investigation. [29–38] Regarding myopia, several previous studies have found that low hydroxyvitamin D is associated with a high prevalence of myopia in young populations. [36,37,39] However, there is controversy as to whether 25(OH)D is an independent factor for progression of myopia.…”

Pseudoexfoliative glaucoma and molecular genetic characteristics of vitamin D metabolism

“…Результаты, полученные в ходе данной работы, сопоставимы с результата-ми других исследователей. Так, при оценке уровня 25(OH)D у 314 больных ПОУГ во Франции было обнаружено, что для пациентов с глаукомой неза-висимо от времени года характерна более низкая концентрация и высокая распространённость той или иной степени недостатка витамина D. Кро-ме того, авторы показали, что повышение уров-ня 25(OH)D на каждые 10 нМоль/л уменьшает риск встречаемости ПОУГ, а дефицит витами-на D ассоциирован с увеличением риска ПОУГ в 2,1 раза [CI 95 %: 1,06-4,12] [16]. Вместе с тем результаты исследования, проведённого корей-скими учёными (6094 человека старше 45 лет), также убедительно показали, что низкий уровень витамина D значительно увеличивает риск раз-вития глаукомы и взаимосвязан с клиническими проявлениями дисфункции зрительного нерва у больных ПОУГ [29].…”