Serum β2 microglobulin in malignant lymphoproliferative disorders

Constantinides, Ioannis P.; Pathouli, C; Karvountzis, G.; Papadopoulos, Perikles; Varvoutsi-Constantinides, Maria; Eliakis, Polivios; Hadziyannis, Stephanos J.; Komninos, Zacharias D.

doi:10.1002/1097-0142(19850515)55:10<2384::aid-cncr2820551014>3.0.co;2-3

Cited by 25 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The discriminating power of the presented stratification could be further improved by incorporating other independent variables for disease progression. In accordance with previous literature (Constantinides et al, 1985;Di Giovanni et al, 1989;Aguilar-Santelises et al, 1992;Hallek et al, 1996), data presented in this study show that the factors predicting disease progression in early untreated B-CLL is underway.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Interferon‐alpha 2b (IFNα) for Early‐Phase Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia with High Risk for Disease Progression: Results of a Randomized Multicentre Study

et al. 1996

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The efficacy of interferon-alpha 2b (IFN alpha) to prolong progression-free (PFS) and/or overall survival (OS) in early B-CLL (Binet stage A) was examined in a risk-adapted phase III study. 99 previously untreated B-CLL patients were recruited. 44 patients with expected high risk for disease progression, defined by non-nodular bone marrow infiltration and lymphocyte doubling time < or = 12 months or serum thymidine kinase levels > or = 5 U/I, were randomized to either receive IFN alpha (group 1, n = 21) or not (group 2, n = 23). 55 low-risk patients were observed to evaluate this risk stratification (group 3). During a median observation time of 36 months, four patients in the IFN alpha group achieved a partial remission (PR), no patient had stable disease (SD), and 17 patients experienced progressive disease (PD). The four responders had less extensive disease at study entry and tended to exhibit a rise in serum IgG levels. In group 2, no PR, seven SD and 16 PD, whereas in group 3, no PR, 37 SD and 18 PD occurred. PFS in group 1 (6.7 months) was not different from group 2 (13.3 months, P = 0.22), but PFS of groups 1 and 2 differed from group 3 (37 months, P < or = 0.001). OS was 44.9 months (group 1), 43.1 months (group 2) and 57.9 months (group 3). OS was not significantly different for group 1 v 2, but was significant between groups 1 and 3 (P = 0.023). The higher percentage of PD in group 2 compared to group 3 (70% v 29%) shows that the selected risk factors allow the definition of CLL stage A patients at risk for disease progression within about a year. In conclusion, our data indicate that IFN alpha does not prolong PFS or OS in stage A CLL patients with high risk for disease progression.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Interferon‐alpha 2b (IFNα) for Early‐Phase Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia with High Risk for Disease Progression: Results of a Randomized Multicentre Study

et al. 1996

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“…Therefore, it is assumed that Sb2M values could indicate not only the size but also the proliferative activity of the myeloma cells 13 and could be accepted as a nonspecific maker of tumor mass. 5,6,13,14 In addition, the prognostic role of Sb2M in other proliferative disorders has been confirmed by many authors, 7,14,15 facilitating clinical assessment. 15 On the other hand, it has been reported that in patients with low glomerular filtration rate, Sb2M levels were raised and laboratory findings should be interpreted with caution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Researchers worldwide have reported the usefulness of Sb2M as a reliable maker in evaluating progression of HIVinfection and multiple myeloma. [5][6][7][8]10,13 In HIV-infected subjects, Sb2M appears to be a better predictor of HIV infection status than CD4 counts and also a better predictor of survival, with increased Sb2M levels being associated with disease progression. 10 Increased production and consequent release of Sb2M into body fluids have been reported in patients with multiple myeloma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SERUM Β2-Microglobulin VALUES AMONG HEALTHY BRAZILIANS USING a DPC IMMULITE® ASSAY

Filippin¹,

Souza²

2005

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PURPOSE: The present study was designed to determine the normal range of serum beta 2-microglobulin (Sb 2 M) levels among healthy volunteers in Brazil. Levels of Sb 2 M are elevated in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients and have been shown to be the best predictor of HIV infection status and of some malignant disorders, especially multiple myeloma. In order to achieve its optimal use in Brazilian clinical diagnosis, an adequate reference interval study was performed for Sb 2 M IMMULITE ® assay, based on the fact that its reference range limits were evaluated among European populations. METHODS: Ninety-six healthy blood donors were evaluated, and Sb 2 M levels were measured by chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay using the IMMULITE ® automated analyzer. RESULTS: A normal range of Sb2M values, established by a nonparametric statistical method, was 1.05 to 3.9 mg/mL, with the upper limit being higher than that reported elsewhere. CONCLUSIONS: This study presented new data indicating that there is a significant difference between the current reference limits for Sb2M IMMULITE ® assay and those found in Brazil, providing evidence that significant differences in range of normal values may occur among different populations, and that these new values should be considered for Brazilian individuals.

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“…Elevated level of soluble b2m in the serum and urine of patients with autoimmune and malignant diseases has been frequently reported. 30,31 In addition, there are few reports suggesting that b2m can promote proliferation of prostate cancer cells. 32 We wanted to test whether in our experiments the newly expressed b2m protein sheds off the cell surface and potentially can increase tumor cell proliferation.…”

Section: Functional Activity Of Re-expressed Hla Class I Complexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adenovirus expressing β2-microglobulin recovers HLA class I expression and antitumor immunity by increasing T-cell recognition

et al. 2014

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Optimal tumor cell surface expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules is essential for the presentation of tumor-associated peptides to T-lymphocytes. However, a hallmark of many types of tumor is the loss or downregulation of HLA class I expression associated with ineffective tumor antigen presentation to T cells. Frequently, HLA loss can be caused by structural alterations in genes coding for HLA class I complex, including the light chain of the complex, β2-microglobulin (β2m). Its best-characterized function is to interact with HLA heavy chain and stabilize the complex leading to a formation of antigen-binding cleft recognized by T-cell receptor on CD8+ T cells. Our previous study demonstrated that alterations in the β2m gene are frequently associated with cancer immune escape leading to metastatic progression and resistance to immunotherapy. These types of defects require genetic transfer strategies to recover normal expression of HLA genes. Here we characterize a replication-deficient adenoviral vector carrying human β2m gene, which is efficient in recovering proper tumor cell surface HLA class I expression in β2m-negative tumor cells without compromising the antigen presentation machinery. Tumor cells transduced with β2m induced strong activation of T cells in a peptide-specific HLA-restricted manner. Gene therapy using recombinant adenoviral vectors encoding HLA genes increases tumor antigen presentation and represents a powerful tool for modulation of tumor cell immunogenicity by restoration of missing or altered HLA genes. It should be considered as part of cancer treatment in combination with immunotherapy.

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Serum β2 microglobulin in malignant lymphoproliferative disorders

Cited by 25 publications

References 13 publications

Interferon‐alpha 2b (IFNα) for Early‐Phase Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia with High Risk for Disease Progression: Results of a Randomized Multicentre Study

Interferon‐alpha 2b (IFNα) for Early‐Phase Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia with High Risk for Disease Progression: Results of a Randomized Multicentre Study

SERUM Β2-Microglobulin VALUES AMONG HEALTHY BRAZILIANS USING a DPC IMMULITE® ASSAY

Adenovirus expressing β2-microglobulin recovers HLA class I expression and antitumor immunity by increasing T-cell recognition

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