Setting boundaries: Utilization of time to boundary for objective evaluation of the balance error scoring system

Richmond, Sutton B.; Dames, Kevin D.; Shad, Joanna M.; Sutherlin, Mark A.; Fling, Brett W.

doi:10.1080/02640414.2019.1677378

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Therefore, it is important to provide a tool to detect sensitive changes based on the COP sway ranges within the COP boundaries. Evidently, a recent study supported our study in terms of setting boundaries to objectively analyze results for better accuracy in detecting postural deficits [ 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…There were significant normalized stability time differences on the visual conditions and thresholds. Previous studies reported limited information based on TTB measures, which captured postural compensations during quiet standing to detect postural deficits [ 12 , 18 ]. In addition, a meta-analysis report indicated poor sensitivity of the COP spatial-based measures due to the overlooked temporal aspect of balance [ 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Normalized stability time analysis within the boundaries between adults with and without fear of falling

Lee,

Sung

2024

Aging Clin Exp Res

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Background The unilateral stance test, measured by the center of pressure (COP), has been widely used to identify balance deficits. However, there is a critical gap in understanding the specific COP thresholds on postural stability in adults with a fear of falling (FOF). Aims To investigate the normalized stability time, which was defined as the ratio of time spent within stability boundaries to the total test duration, under different visual conditions and specific thresholds between adults with and without FOF. Methods Twenty-one older adults with FOF and 22 control subjects completed the unilateral limb standing test in eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions. Normalized stability times were computed based on five pre-determined COP sway range thresholds: 10 mm, 15 mm, 20 mm, 25 mm, and 30 mm. Results Receiver operating characteristic analysis determined the diagnostic accuracy of FOF. There were significant differences in the effects of both visual conditions (F = 46.88, p = 0.001) and threshold settings (F = 119.38, p = 0.001) on stability time between groups. The FOF group significantly reduced normalized stability time at the 10 mm COP threshold under eyes-closed conditions (t = – 1.95, p = 0.03). Discussion The findings highlight the heightened sensitivity of the 10 mm COP threshold in identifying group variances in postural stability when eyes are closed. Moreover, the FOF group displayed a marked reduction in stability duration based on visual scenarios and normalized thresholds. Conclusion The study highlights the need to account for both COP boundaries and visual conditions in adults with FOF. When assessing postural control during unilateral stances, clinicians must also give attention to non-visual cues.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normalized stability time analysis within the boundaries between adults with and without fear of falling

Lee,

Sung

2024

Aging Clin Exp Res

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“…There are a few different balance tests such as single-limb standing balance [81][82][83], balance error scoring system [84][85][86], and pediatric balance scale [87,88]. Some of those tests such as balance error scoring system are designed to assess a clinical pathology such as traumatic brain injury [89][90][91].…”

Section: Balance: Y-balance Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Physical Tests in 6–11 Years Old Children: Findings from the Play Lifestyle and Activity in Youth (PLAY) Study

Sugimoto

Stracciolini

Berbert

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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The purpose was to evaluate selected physical tests in children and to compare the outcomes by sex. A cross-sectional study design was used to evaluate children 6–11 years who completed five physical tests: hand grip, vertical jump, sit and reach, Y-balance, and obstacle course (time and score). The outcome measures including test results were descriptively examined and compared by sex. The study participants consisted of 133 children (62 males and 71 females, with a median age of 7.8 years). Girls showed superior sit and reach performance (p = 0.002) compared with boys. Boys demonstrated better Y-balance scores (p = 0.007) and faster obstacle time (p = 0.042) than girls. Sex comparison within three age groups (6–<8 years, 8–<10 years, and 10–<12 years) showed that girls performed better on the sit and reach compared with boys in the in 6–<8 years (p = 0.009). Boys demonstrated higher Y-balance scores (p = 0.017) and faster obstacle time (p = 0.007) compared with girls in the 8–<10-year age group. These data will serve to guide future efforts to evaluate normative measures of physical literacy and guide targeted training interventions to promote sustained physical activity in children with deficits relative to their age and sex norms.

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Assessing postural stability in flatfoot using a time‐in‐boundary method during single‐leg standing

Sung,

Lee

2024

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Flatfoot, a foot deformity characterized by the collapse of the arch, significantly impacts an individual's balance and stability. This study explored postural adjustments and sway excursions in individuals with and without flatfoot using the Time‐in‐Boundary method. This method assessed relative stability by exploring various center of pressure radius thresholds during three trials of single‐leg stance. We observed significant interactions in threshold levels (F = 4.37, p = 0.04) and normalized relative stable times (F = 7.64, p = 0.01), particularly in the initial trials. Initially, the flatfoot group showed marked decreases in stable times at 10 mm, 15 mm, and 20 mm thresholds, which expanded to 25 mm and 30 mm in subsequent trials. Despite a significant decrease in stability at the 30 mm threshold in early trials, participants exhibited improved stability control as trials progressed. This enhancement likely reflects a combination of a learning effect and an increased understanding of the task requirements, underscoring the adaptability of postural control systems to the biomechanical challenges posed by flatfoot. The Time‐in‐Boundary method has proven to be an effective tool for clinicians to assess postural control, playing a vital role in developing customized rehabilitation strategies for individuals with flatfoot.

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Setting boundaries: Utilization of time to boundary for objective evaluation of the balance error scoring system

Cited by 12 publications

References 28 publications

Normalized stability time analysis within the boundaries between adults with and without fear of falling

Normalized stability time analysis within the boundaries between adults with and without fear of falling

Assessment of Physical Tests in 6–11 Years Old Children: Findings from the Play Lifestyle and Activity in Youth (PLAY) Study

Assessing postural stability in flatfoot using a time‐in‐boundary method during single‐leg standing

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