Severe gastritis in the Peruvian Andes

Recavarren-Arce, Sixto; Ramírez-Ramos, Alberto; Gilman, Robert H.; Chinga-Alayo, Erick; Watanabe-Yamamoto, J.; Rodríguez-Ulloa, C.; Miyagui, Juan; Passaro, Douglas J.; Eza, Dominique

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2559.2005.02102.x

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Previous studies from Peru have shown that ChAG is found predominantly in the antrum region and is more severe than ChAG that is found in the body of the stomach 31–33. In the present study, we also found ChAG to occur more frequently in the antrum region, and only in this gastric site was an association between ChAG and the C allele statistically significant.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Interleukin-1 Beta Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism’s C Allele is Associated with Elevated Risk of Gastric Cancer in Helicobacter pylori-Infected Peruvians

Gehmert¹,

Velapatiño²,

Herrera³

et al. 2009

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Particular alleles of the interleukin-1B (IL-1B) gene have been correlated with increased risk of atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer in the populations of East Asia and Europe. No such data exist from Peru, a developing country with a population genotypically different from others studied and with a high prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric cancer. We conducted a case-control study comparing 334 hospitalized patients with atrophic gastritis or gastric cancer with 158 nonatrophic gastritis patients (controls). Conditional logistic regression analysis revealed that an increased risk of atrophic gastritis (odds ratio, 5.60) and gastric cancer (odds ratio, 2.36) was associated with the IL-1B -511 C allele. Our study is the first to establish this allele as a risk for these conditions. Given the high prevalence of H. pylori and recurrence rate after treatment, IL-1B -511 single-nucleotide polymorphism analysis may identify those individuals who would benefit most from robust H. pylori eradication efforts in Peru.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Interleukin-1 Beta Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism’s C Allele is Associated with Elevated Risk of Gastric Cancer in Helicobacter pylori-Infected Peruvians

Gehmert¹,

Velapatiño²,

Herrera³

et al. 2009

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…In Ecuador, the ASMRs are 28.0 for males and 24.1 for females, and in Peru 22.6 for males and 19.5 for females. A study in Peru found that patients in La Oroya City, located at 3700 m in altitude, presented more severe gastric lesions, including atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia in body and antrum than patients from Lima, at the sea level [18] further documenting higher risk for gastric cancer in mountainous regions. In Bolivia, the ASMRs are 15.1 for males and 13 for females, these lower rates potentially reflecting the transition to the Altiplano desert between Bolivia and Chile (Fig.…”

Section: Is Gastric Cancer Associated With Altitude In Latin America?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastric cancer incidence and mortality is associated with altitude in the mountainous regions of Pacific Latin America

Torres

Correa

Ferreccio

et al. 2012

Cancer Causes Control

112

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In Latin America, gastric cancer is a leading cancer, and countries in the region have some of the highest mortality rates worldwide, including Chile, Costa Rica, and Colombia. Geographic variation in mortality rates is observed both between neighboring countries and within nations. We discuss epidemiological observations suggesting an association between altitude and gastric cancer risk in Latin America. In the Americas, the burden of gastric cancer mortality is concentrated in the mountainous areas along the Pacific rim, following the geography of the Andes sierra, from Venezuela to Chile, and the Sierra Madre and Cordillera de Centroamérica, from southern Mexico to Costa Rica. Altitude is probably a surrogate for host genetic, bacterial, dietary, and environmental factors that may cluster in the mountainous regions. For example, H. pylori strains from patients of the Andean Nariño region of Colombia display European ancestral haplotypes, whereas strains from the Pacific coast are predominantly of African origin. The observation of higher gastric cancer rates in the mountainous areas is not universal: the association is absent in Chile, where risk is more strongly associated with the age of H. pylori acquisition and socio-economic determinants. The dramatic global and regional variations in gastric cancer incidence and mortality rates offer the opportunity for scientific discovery and focused prevention programs.

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“…The exposure to high altitude hypoxia causes severe damage to different organs, especially the intestinal tract. There is increasing experimental evidence suggesting that hypoxia induced inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract [1,2,3]. Hypoxia may induce severe primary intestinal barrier dysfunction, promote bacterial and endotoxic translocation, and cause systemic inflammatory response; it is the major factor causing high-altitude multiple organ dysfunction syndromes [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Vitamin E Supplementation on Intestinal Barrier Function in Rats Exposed to High Altitude Hypoxia Environment

Sun

Qiao

et al. 2014

Korean J Physiol Pharmacol

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The study was conducted to investigate the role of vitamin E in the high altitude hypoxia-induced damage to the intestinal barrier in rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control (Control), high altitude hypoxia (HH), and high altitude hypoxia+vitamin E (250 mg/kg BW*d) (HV) groups. After the third day, the HH and HV groups were placed in a hypobaric chamber at a stimulated elevation of 7000 m for 5 days. The rats in the HV group were given vitamin E by gavage daily for 8 days. The other rats were given equal volume saline. The results showed that high altitude hypoxia caused the enlargement of heart, liver, lung and kidney, and intestinal villi damage. Supplementation with vitamin E significantly alleviated hypoxia-caused damage to the main organs including intestine, increased the serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) (p< 0.05), diamino oxidase (DAO) (p< 0.01) levels, and decreased the serum levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2) (p< 0.01), interleukin-4 (IL-4) (p<0.001), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) (p<0.01) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (p<0.001), and decreased the serum erythropoietin (EPO) activity (p<0.05). Administration of vitamin E significantly increased the S-IgA (p<0.001) in ileum and significantly improved the expression levels of occludin and IκBα, and decreased the expression levels of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha and 2 alpha (HIF-1α and HIF-2α), Toll-like receptors (TLR4), P-IκBα and nuclear factor-κB p65(NF-κB P65) in ileum compared to the HH group. This study suggested that vitamin E protectis from intestinal injury caused by high altitude hypoxia environment. These effects may be related to the HIF and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.

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Severe gastritis in the Peruvian Andes

Abstract: This study suggests that the severity of H. pylori-associated gastric lesions seen on histopathological examination is greater in patients living at high altitude, the cause of which is most probably multifactorial but nonetheless principally altitude related.

Cited by 21 publications

References 21 publications

Interleukin-1 Beta Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism’s C Allele is Associated with Elevated Risk of Gastric Cancer in Helicobacter pylori-Infected Peruvians

Interleukin-1 Beta Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism’s C Allele is Associated with Elevated Risk of Gastric Cancer in Helicobacter pylori-Infected Peruvians

Gastric cancer incidence and mortality is associated with altitude in the mountainous regions of Pacific Latin America

Effect of Vitamin E Supplementation on Intestinal Barrier Function in Rats Exposed to High Altitude Hypoxia Environment

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