Severe Iron Deficiency Is Associated with a Reduced Conception Rate in Female Rats

Li, Yan Qin; Cao, Xiao Xiao; Bai, Bin; Zhang, Jing Ni; Wang, Ming Qi; Zhang, Yao Hui

doi:10.1159/000355112

Cited by 25 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…Unfortunately, the authors only measured iron intake, and not iron status directly. Later experiments in mice found that inducing dietary iron deficiency, as measured by low hemoglobin and RBC count, led to disruptions in estrous and lower conception rates than mice who were fed a diet with normal levels of dietary iron (Li et al, ).…”

Section: Iron and Fecunditymentioning

confidence: 99%

The reproductive ecology of iron in women

Miller

2016

American J Phys Anthropol

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Reproductive ecology focuses on the sensitivity of human reproduction to environmental variation. While reproductive ecology has historically focused on the relationship between energy status and reproductive outcomes, iron status is equally critical to women's reproductive health, given the wide-ranging detrimental effects of iron-deficiency anemia on maternal and infant well-being. This review interprets the vast literature on iron status and women's reproduction through an evolutionary framework. First, it will critique the evidence for iron deficiency caused by blood loss during menstruation, reinterpreting the available data as ecological variation in menses within and between populations of women. Second, it will highlight the scant but growing evidence that iron status is implicated in fertility, a relationship that has deep evolutionary roots. Third, this review proposes a new hypothesis for the transfer of iron from mother to infant via pregnancy and breastfeeding: reproductive iron withholding. In this hypothesis, mothers transfer iron to infants in a manner that helps infants avoid iron-mediated infection and oxidative stress, but trades off with potential risk of maternal and infant iron deficiency. Finally, this review explores two main factors that can modify the relationship between iron status and the gestation-lactation cycle: (1) the relationship between long-term reproductive effort (parity) and iron status and (2) supplementation schemes before and during pregnancy. The review concludes by suggesting continued research into iron homeostasis in women using evolutionary, ecological, and biocultural frameworks. Am J Phys Anthropol 159:S172-S195,

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Section: Iron and Fecunditymentioning

confidence: 99%

The reproductive ecology of iron in women

Miller

2016

American J Phys Anthropol

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“…In peripheral tissues, iron serves as a cofactor for the expression and activation of various metabolic enzymes involved in glycolysis [ 21 ], the TCA cycle [ 22 ], the electron transfer chain [ 23 ], and pentose phosphate pathways [ 21 ]. These pathways are essential for synthesizing ATP and protein.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Before (Diestrus) and 48 h after the PMSG administration, ovaries and serum were obtained from the ND- and LFD-fed mice. Previous studies demonstrated that iron is an essential cofactor for enzymes in many metabolic pathways, including glycolysis, the TCA cycle, the electron transfer chain, and pentose phosphate, produce ATP, DNA, and RNA [ 21 , 22 , 23 ]. The weight of each ovary was measured, and then the ovary was used for the measurements of the E2 (PMSG 48 h) and ATP concentrations (Diestrus).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron deficiency induces female infertile in order to failure of follicular development in mice

et al. 2020

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Iron is important for many cellular functions, including ATP synthesis and cell proliferation. Insufficient of iron in the diet causes iron deficiency anemia (IDA), which often occurs in people living in the world. Since 50% of women with IDA show amenorrhea, the relationship of between iron deficiency and reproductive function was assessed using mice fed a low Fe diet (LFD). The estrous cycle in the LFD mice was blocked at diestrus, which impair follicle development, and fertility. Further, even LFD mice were injected with exogenous pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG), follicular development was ceased at the secondary follicle stage, and preovulatory follicles were not observed. Amount of ATP decreased in the ovary of the LFD mice, and expression of follicle development markers ( Fshr , Cyp19a1 , Ccnd2 ) and estradiol-17β (E2) was low level compared to levels mice fed a normal diet. Feeding a normal diet with sufficient iron to the LFD mice for an additional 3 weeks completely reversed absence the effects of iron insufficient on the estrous cycle and infertility. Thus, iron restriction depresses ovary functions, especially follicular development from secondary follicle to antral follicles and infertility. These effects are fully reversible by supplementation of a normal diet containing iron.

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“…Studies have confirmed that there is an intimate association between deficiency in trace elements and mysterious infertility in females. A recent epidemiological observational study suggested that women without iron supplementation had a higher risk of ovulatory infertility compared with women who used an iron supplement [13].…”

Section: Pernicious Anemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Anemia and Women Subfertility

Hussein¹,

Abdelgadir²,

Mohammed³

2019

SJBR

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Anemia is a condition in which the blood hemoglobin (the main oxygen-transporting protein in red blood cells) level is under the minimum extreme of the reference range for the age and gender of the person .It is the most common hematological disorder affects millions of women at reproduction period around the globe that may influence in different phases of their socioeconomic lifestyle. It occurs due to increase red blood cell destruction or due to bone marrow failure to produce adequate number of blood cells. Iron deficiency anemia is the most common type of anemia noticed among women during their reproductive age, while other types are less common. Pernicious anaemia and folate deficiency are recognized to cause secondary infertility. Any attempts to treat infertility or to even establish preliminary investigations should be delayed until anaemia is treated. Management of anaemia itself may resolve the infertility problems and should be taken as a first line treatment in all cases.

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Severe Iron Deficiency Is Associated with a Reduced Conception Rate in Female Rats

Cited by 25 publications

References 16 publications

The reproductive ecology of iron in women

The reproductive ecology of iron in women

Iron deficiency induces female infertile in order to failure of follicular development in mice

Anemia and Women Subfertility

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