Severe oesophagitis after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for Fanconi's anemia

The association between anabolic androgenic steroids and liver tumors was first noted in patients with Fanconi's anemia (FA). The hypotheses which led to this review were as follows: (1) androgen-treated individuals who do not have FA are also at risk of liver tumors; (2) parenteral as well as oral androgens may be responsible for liver tumors; (3) FA patients develop liver tumors after smaller and briefer androgen exposure than non-FA individuals; (4) the risk of hepatic neoplasms may depend on the specific androgen. Medline and Web of Science were searched for all cases of liver tumors associated with androgens. Information from individual cases was entered into a spreadsheet and descriptive statistical analyses were performed. Thirty-six FA cases and 97 non-FA cases with both nonhematologic disorders and acquired aplastic anemia (non-FA AA) were identified. The most common androgens were oxymetholone, methyltestosterone, and danazol. Hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) were more often associated with oxymetholone and methyltestosterone, while adenomas were associated with danazol. Tumors were reported in six patients who received only parenteral and not oral androgens. FA patients were younger than non-FA patients when androgen use was initiated, and the FA patients developed tumors at younger ages. Non-AA patients were treated with androgens for longer periods of time, compared with FA and non-FA AA patients. All patients on anabolic androgenic steroids are at risk of liver tumors, regardless of underlying diagnosis. The magnitude of the risk cannot be determined from currently available data, because the number of patients receiving androgens is unknown. Am.

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Androgens and liver tumors: Fanconi's anemia and non‐Fanconi's conditions

Velazquez

2004

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Cancer in Fanconi anemia, 1927–2001

Alter

2003

Cancer

405

267

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BACKGROUND. Fanconi anemia (FA) is an autosomal recessive disease associatedwith an abnormal response to DNA damage. Although FA is well known for the association of aplastic anemia and characteristic birth defects, leukemia and solid tumors also occur at a high rate in this group of patients. A review of all reported cases is informative with regard to the specific types of cancer, the ages at which they occur, and the cumulative probability of their development. METHODS.Medline and bibliographies of publications were searched for articles containing "Fanconi's anemia" or "aplastic anemia" and all cases of FA from 1927 through 2001 were included in the database. Cancer cases were identified within these reports. Descriptive statistical analyses were performed using Stata7 software. RESULTS.One thousand three hundred cases of FA were identified. Nine percent had leukemia (primarily acute myeloid leukemia), 7% had myelodysplastic syndrome, 5% had solid tumors, and 3% had liver tumors. Patients with cancer were older than the cancer-free patients at the time of diagnosis of FA. The median age for cancer (including leukemia) was 16, compared with 68 in the general population. The most frequent solid tumors were aerodigestive and gynecological carcinomas. In approximately 25% of patients with cancer, the malignancy preceded the diagnosis of FA. CONCLUSIONS.If the competing risks of aplastic anemia and leukemia could be removed, the estimated cumulative probability of development of a solid tumor in

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Longitudinal clinical manifestations of Fanconi anemia: A systematized review

Hoover,

Turcotte,

Phelan

et al. 2024

Blood Reviews

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Severe oesophagitis after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for Fanconi's anemia

Cited by 5 publications

References 16 publications

Androgens and liver tumors: Fanconi's anemia and non‐Fanconi's conditions

Androgens and liver tumors: Fanconi's anemia and non‐Fanconi's conditions

Cancer in Fanconi anemia, 1927–2001

Longitudinal clinical manifestations of Fanconi anemia: A systematized review

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