“…Of the excluded studies, nine were non-human animal studies, six did not use paired pulse stimulation, five were reviews, and five were TMS studies without DBS. The search for VFS resulted in 12 studies, five of which were included ( Jia et al, 2015 , 2017 , 2018 ; Zhang et al, 2019 ; Chang et al, 2021 ). Of the excluded studies, two used stimulation modalities other than DBS (e.g., TMS), two were protocols for upcoming studies with no original clinical data, one was a review, one was a non-human animal study, and one did not utilize VFS.…”