Sewage and faecal sludge management; revisiting discharge standards in India

Shende, Akshay D.; Pophali, G. R.

doi:10.1007/s13762-022-04688-6

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 21 publications

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“…Existing regulations on wastewater management, water treatment, discharge, and reuse are described in the Environmental Protection Rules of the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoE-FCC), which, in 2018, have been challenged in the National Green Tribunal (NGT). In 2019, the following sewage discharge standards were set for the whole country [36]: (pH 5.5-9; TSS 20 mg/L; BOD 5 10 mg/L; COD 50 mg/L; TKN 10 mg/L; Total phosphorus 1 mg/L; Faecal coliform (FC) 100 MPN (desirable), 230 MPN (permissible).…”

Section: Location and Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application Potential of Wastewater Fertigated Short Rotation Coppice Systems in a Selected Region (Aligarh, UP, India)

Hänel,

Khurelbaatar,

Jespersen

et al. 2023

Recycling

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In many Indian regions, increased wastewater is both a threat to public health and the environment, but it also presents an opportunity as a source of water and nutrients. With less than one-third of India’s wastewater treated and an alarming water scarcity situation, efficient wastewater treatment and reuse schemes are needed to face impending water and fertiliser shortages. This study explores the application potential of wastewater fertigated Short Rotation Coppice systems (wfSRC) as a cost-efficient and promising solution for treating and reusing wastewater in a specific region (400 km2, 184 settlements) of Aligarh (UP), India. Based on real data from a local wfSRC pilot site using bamboo, willow, and poplar, we analysed the system’s treatment performance, nutrient recovery, carbon sequestration potential, land requirements, biomass production potential, and cost–benefit, under various scenarios. The results show that the pilot wfSRC system is efficiently treating 250 m3/day of domestic wastewater on 6864 m2 of land, and serving 2500 people. The land requirements for wfSRC systems vary depending on local conditions (e.g., climate, soil type, wastewater composition) and user demands (e.g., water reuse efficiency, type, and amount of biomass). The calculated areas ranged from 2.75 to 25.7 m2/PE, which equates to a required land area in the whole study region of between 108 and 1006 ha in 2036. This would produce up to 100 DM t/ha/year of valuable biomass. Early local stakeholder involvement and the monitoring of pollutants are recommended as priorities during the planning process for the large-scale implementation of wfSRC systems in India.

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Section: Location and Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application Potential of Wastewater Fertigated Short Rotation Coppice Systems in a Selected Region (Aligarh, UP, India)

Hänel,

Khurelbaatar,

Jespersen

et al. 2023

Recycling

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Assessing the impact of low organic loading on effluent safety in wastewater treatment: Insights from an activated sludge reactor study

Zhang,

Li,

Sun

et al. 2024

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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Application Potential of Wastewater Fertigated Short Rotation Coppice Systems in a Selected Region (Aligarh, UP, India)

Hänel,

Khurelbaatar,

Jespersen

et al. 2023

Preprint

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In many Indian regions increased wastewater is both a threat and an opportunity. Efficient wastewater treatment and reuse schemes are needed in India to face impending water and fertiliser shortages. This study explores the application potential of wastewater fertigated Short Rotation Coppice systems (wfSRC) as a cost-efficient and promising solution for treating and reusing wastewater in a specific region (400 km2, 184 settlements) of Aligarh (UP), India. Based on real data from a local wfSRC pilot site using bamboo, willow, and poplar, we analysed the system’s treatment performance, nutrient recovery, carbon sequestration potential, land requirements, biomass production potential, and cost-benefit, under various scenarios. The results show that the pilot wfSRC system is efficiently treating 250 m3/day of domestic wastewater on 6,864 m2 of land, and serving 2,500 people. The land requirements for wfSRC systems vary depending on local conditions and user requirements, ranging from 2.75 – 25.7 m2/PE which equates to a required land area in the whole study region of between 108 and 1006 ha in 2036. This would produce up to 100 DM t/ha/yr of valuable biomass. Early local stakeholder involvement and monitoring of pollutants are recommended as priorities during the planning process for large-scale implementation of wfSRC systems in India.

show abstract

Sewage and faecal sludge management; revisiting discharge standards in India

Cited by 3 publications

References 21 publications

Application Potential of Wastewater Fertigated Short Rotation Coppice Systems in a Selected Region (Aligarh, UP, India)

Application Potential of Wastewater Fertigated Short Rotation Coppice Systems in a Selected Region (Aligarh, UP, India)

Assessing the impact of low organic loading on effluent safety in wastewater treatment: Insights from an activated sludge reactor study

Application Potential of Wastewater Fertigated Short Rotation Coppice Systems in a Selected Region (Aligarh, UP, India)

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