Sewage sludge ash — A promising secondary phosphorus source for fertilizer production

Herzel, Hannes; Krüger, Oliver; Hermann, Ludwig; Adam, Christian

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.08.059

Cited by 282 publications

(176 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Hereafter, the sludges will be referred to as B chem and B bio , respectively. The resulting biochars were used either directly for the pot experiment or further thermochemically processed at 950°C for approximately 30 min in a rotary furnace (Thermal Technology, RT1700, corundum tube, Bayreuth, Germany) to improve the fertilizer performance of the material as follows: Treatment of B chem with magnesium chloride (MgCl 2 ; Sigma‐Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany) under oxidizing (air) conditions ( Adam et al, ; Vogel and Adam , ; hereafter the product is referred to B chem ‐Mg). Treatment of B bio with sodium sulfate (Na 2 SO 4 ; Applichem, Darmstadt, Germany) under reducing conditions ( Stemann et al, ; Herzel et al, ; Vogel et al, ; hereafter the product is referred to B bio ‐Na). Treatment of B chem first as gaseous chloride donor (hydrochloric acid) to remove heavy metals ( Vogel and Adam , ), followed by addition of Na 2 SO 4 (under reductive conditions) to enhance the P plant‐availability (hereafter the product is referred to B chem ‐Cl+Na). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phosphorus availability of sewage sludge‐based fertilizers determined by the diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) technique

Vogel

Sekine

Steckenmesser

et al. 2017

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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The plant‐availability of phosphorus (P) in fertilizers and soil can strongly influence the yield of agricultural crops. However, there are no methods to efficiently and satisfactorily analyze the plant‐availability of P in sewage sludge‐based P fertilizers except by undertaking time‐consuming and complex pot or field experiments. We employed the diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) technique to quantify the plant P availability of various types of P fertilizers with a novel focus on sewage sludge‐based P fertilizers. Mixtures of fertilizer and soil were incubated for 3 weeks at 60% water holding capacity. DGT devices were deployed at the beginning of the incubation and again after 1, 2, and 3 weeks. Two weeks of incubation were sufficient for the formation of plant‐available P in the fertilizer/soil mixtures. In a pot experiment, the DGT technique predicted maize (Zea mays L.) biomass yield and P uptake significantly more accurately than standard chemical extraction tests for P fertilizers (e.g., water, citric acid, and neutral ammonium citrate). Therefore, the DGT technique can be recommended as a reliable and robust method to screen the performance of different types of sewage sludge‐based P fertilizers for maize cultivation minimizing the need for time‐consuming and costly pot or field experiments.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2. Treatment of B bio with sodium sulfate (Na 2 SO 4 ; Applichem, Darmstadt, Germany) under reducing conditions (Stemann et al, 2015;Herzel et al, 2016;Vogel et al, 2016; hereafter the product is referred to B bio -Na). 3.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus availability of sewage sludge‐based fertilizers determined by the diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) technique

Vogel

Sekine

Steckenmesser

et al. 2017

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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“…Still, the results of crucible experiments carried out in a stationary kiln might be influenced by mass transfer limitations. Thus, pilot-or demonstration-scale experiments in a rotary furnace are needed to assess the full extent of heavy metal removal that can be expected for an industrial-scale P recovery plant implementing this technology (Herzel et al, 2015).…”

Section: Sample Numbermentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermochemical treatment of sewage sludge ash with sodium salt additives for phosphorus fertilizer production – Analysis of underlying chemical reactions

2015

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“…Further problems are the quick formation of stable and inaccessible compounds that limit plant P uptake (Shen et al, 2011) and the low agronomic efficiency of no more than 15 % of fertilizer P in the first year of application (Schnug et al, 2003). Many recent studies have targeted sustainable agriculture through improving P availability from applied fertilizers (Delgado et al, 2002;Schröder et al, 2011), increasing P-uptake efficiency from organic and inorganic P pools in the soil (Kaur and Reddy, 2014) and developing new technologies for P recycling from human and animal waste Herzel et al, 2016). Particular attention has been paid to the oxidation process, e.g., by thiobacilli of elemental sulfur to sulfuric acid, in order to enhance the solubility of non-water-soluble P from…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone char effects on soil: sequential fractionations and XANES spectroscopy

Morshedizad

Panten

Klysubun

et al. 2018

SOIL

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Abstract. The acceptability of novel bone char fertilizers depends on their P release, but reactions at bone char surfaces and impacts on soil P speciation are insufficiently known. By using sequential fractionation and synchrotron-based X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy we investigated whether and how the chemical composition of bone char particles has been altered in soil and has consequently affected the P speciation of amended soils. Therefore, two different kinds of bone char particles (BC produced by the pyrolysis of degreased animal bone chips at 800 • C and BC plus , a BC enriched with reduced sulfur compounds) were manually separated from the soil at the end of two different experiments: incubation leaching and ryegrass cultivation. Sequential P fractionation of amended soils showed P enrichment in all fractions compared to the control. The most P increase between all treatments significantly occurred in the NaOH-P and resin-P fractions in response to BC plus application in both incubation-leaching and ryegrass cultivation experiments. This increase in the readily available P fraction in BC plus -treated soils was confirmed by linear combination fitting (LCF) analysis on P K-edge XANES spectra of BC particles and amended soils. The proportion of Ca hydroxyapatite decreased, whereas the proportion of CaHPO 4 increased in BC plus particles after amended soils had been incubated and leached and cropped by ryegrass. Based on P XANES speciation as determined by LCF analysis, the proportion of inorganic Ca(H 2 PO 4 ) 2 increased in amended soils after BC plus application. These results indicate that soil amendment with BC plus particles leads to elevated P concentration and maintains more soluble P species than BC particles even after 230 days of ryegrass cultivation.

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Sewage sludge ash — A promising secondary phosphorus source for fertilizer production

Cited by 282 publications

References 13 publications

Phosphorus availability of sewage sludge‐based fertilizers determined by the diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) technique

Phosphorus availability of sewage sludge‐based fertilizers determined by the diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) technique

Thermochemical treatment of sewage sludge ash with sodium salt additives for phosphorus fertilizer production – Analysis of underlying chemical reactions

Bone char effects on soil: sequential fractionations and XANES spectroscopy

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