Sex chromosomes and quantitative sex expression in monoecious hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)

Faux, Anne-Michelle; Berhin, Alice; Dauguet, Nicolas; Bertin, Pierre

doi:10.1007/s10681-013-1023-y

Cited by 47 publications

(65 citation statements)

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“…Due to the dioecious nature of C. sativa, the male and female plants are characterized by sexual dimorphism with respect to plant size and precocity, which results in unsynchronized maturity and problems with mechanized harvesting (Amaducci et al 1998;Faux et al 2014). To overcome these inconveniences, genetically monoecious diploid (2n=20) hemp cultivars have been developed that offer several agronomical advantages, including higher seed yields, higher crop homogeneity, and easier mechanical harvest compared to dioecious cultivars (Moliterni et al 2004;Mandolino and Carboni 2004;Faux et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To overcome these inconveniences, genetically monoecious diploid (2n=20) hemp cultivars have been developed that offer several agronomical advantages, including higher seed yields, higher crop homogeneity, and easier mechanical harvest compared to dioecious cultivars (Moliterni et al 2004;Mandolino and Carboni 2004;Faux et al 2014). The sex chromosomes that determine the monoecious forms of hemp are unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The genome sizes of female and male plants differ, and this difference has been attributed to the large long arm of the Y chromosome (Sakamoto et al 1998;Divashuk et al 2014). A recent study utilizing flow cytometry revealed that the genome size of monoecious plants was same to that of females but significantly smaller than that of males (Faux et al 2014). The application of the male-specific MADC2 DNA marker to monoecious plants revealed a female-associated amplification pattern (Mandolino et al 1999;Faux et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent study utilizing flow cytometry revealed that the genome size of monoecious plants was same to that of females but significantly smaller than that of males (Faux et al 2014). The application of the male-specific MADC2 DNA marker to monoecious plants revealed a female-associated amplification pattern (Mandolino et al 1999;Faux et al 2014). This indirect evidence supports the possibility that monoecious hemp cultivars likely have XX sex chromosomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular cytogenetic analysis of monoecious hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) cultivars reveals its karyotype variations and sex chromosomes constitution

et al. 2015

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Hemp (Cannabis sativa L., 2n = 20) is a dioecious plant. Sex expression is controlled by an X-to-autosome balance system consisting of the heteromorphic sex chromosomes XY for males and XX for females. Genetically monoecious hemp offers several agronomic advantages compared to the dioecious cultivars that are widely used in hemp cultivation. The male or female origin of monoecious maternal plants is unknown. Additionally, the sex chromosome composition of monoecious hemp forms remains unknown. In this study, we examine the sex chromosome makeup in monoecious hemp using a cytogenetic approach. Eight monoecious and two dioecious cultivars were used. The DNA of 210 monoecious plants was used for PCR analysis with the male-associated markers MADC2 and SCAR323. All monoecious plants showed female amplification patterns. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with the subtelomeric CS-1 probe to chromosomes plates and karyotyping revealed a lack of Y chromosome and presence of XX sex chromosomes in monoecious cultivars with the chromosome number 2n = 20. There was a high level of intra- and intercultivar karyotype variation detected. The results of this study can be used for further analysis of the genetic basis of sex expression in plants.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Molecular cytogenetic analysis of monoecious hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) cultivars reveals its karyotype variations and sex chromosomes constitution

et al. 2015

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“…Monoecious cultivars of hemp are useful in seed production and stem harvesting. Although there are no specific reports regarding the chromosome of monoecious hemp (Moliterni et al 2004), it has been reported that the monoecious hemp cultivars have the XX constitution with a genetic basis for sex expression (Faux et al 2014).…”

Section: Hemp (Cannabis Sativa L)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex-oriented research on dioecious crops of Indian subcontinent: an updated review

2017

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A number of dioecious species are grown across India and some of those plants play a crucial role in the agrobased economy of the country. The diagnosis of sex is very difficult in the dioecious plant prior flowering wherein sex identification at the seedling stage is of great importance to breeders as well as farmers for crop improvement or production purpose. A comprehensive approach of sex determination comprising morphological, biochemical, cytological and molecular attributes is a must required for gender differentiation in dioecious plant species. In the present review, we highlighted the economical, medicinal as well as industrial importance of most of the dioecious species extensively grown in Indian subcontinent. In addition to that, the cytogenetic, genetic as well as molecular information in connection to their sex determination were critically discussed in this review.

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The Cream of the Crop: Biology, Breeding, and Applications ofCannabis Sativa

Schilling

Dowling

Shi

et al. 2021

Annual Plant Reviews Online

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Cannabis sativais an extraordinarily versatile species. Hemp and its cousin marijuana, bothC. sativa, have been used for millennia as a source of fibre, oil, and for medicinal, spiritual, and recreational purposes. Because the consumption ofCannabiscan have psychoactive effects, the plant has been widely banned throughout the last century. In the past decade, evidence of its medicinal properties did lead to the relaxation of legislation in many countries around the world. Consequently, the genetics and development ofCannabisas well asCannabis‐derived products are the subject of renewed attention.Here, we review the biology ofC. sativa,including recent insights from taxonomy, morphology, and genomics, with an emphasis on the genetics of cannabinoid synthesis. Because the femaleCannabisflower is of special interest as the site of cannabinoid synthesis, we explore flower development, flowering time well as the species' unique sex determination system in detail.Furthermore, we outline the tremendous medicinal, engineering, and environmental opportunities thatCannabisbears. Together, the picture emerges that our understanding ofCannabisbiology currently progresses at an unusual speed. A future challenge will be to preserve the multi‐purpose nature ofCannabis, and to harness its medicinal properties and sustainability advantages simultaneously.

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Sex chromosomes and quantitative sex expression in monoecious hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)

Cited by 47 publications

References 45 publications

Molecular cytogenetic analysis of monoecious hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) cultivars reveals its karyotype variations and sex chromosomes constitution

Molecular cytogenetic analysis of monoecious hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) cultivars reveals its karyotype variations and sex chromosomes constitution

Sex-oriented research on dioecious crops of Indian subcontinent: an updated review

The Cream of the Crop: Biology, Breeding, and Applications ofCannabis Sativa

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