Sex differences in emotional concordance

Rattel, Julina A.; Mauss, Iris B.; Liedlgruber, Michael; Wilhelm, Frank H.

doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2020.107845

Cited by 26 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…It is also worth noting that for the BAI, the latent inter-factor correlations indicated that the panic, neurophysiological, and autonomic factors were more strongly correlated with the subjective anxiety factor in women than in men. This result is particularly interesting considering findings that concordance between physiological and subjective components of emotional responding were more strongly linked in women than in men in laboratory studies (e.g., Rattel et al, 2020). The present findings add to this literature by suggesting that these gender differences are reflected at the level of self-reported symptoms as well.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Cross-Cultural and Gender Invariance of Five Common Symptom and Cognitive Vulnerability Measures in the United States and Singapore

Doren¹,

Zainal²,

Hong³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Reliable and valid measurements of anxiety, chronic worry, depressive, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms is essential when seeking to draw cross-cultural and gender comparisons. Accordingly, the current study determined the psychometric properties of five widely used symptom measures in the United States (U.S.) and Singapore (SG) and across gender: Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire (OBQ), Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R), and the Penn State Worry Questionnaire-Abbreviated (PSWQ-A). Participants comprised college students (U.S.: n = 292; SG: n = 144). Strict measurement invariance (equal factor loadings, item thresholds, residual variances) was observed for all measures across cultures and genders, except for the BAI, which met partial Level 1 strict cross-gender invariance. Overall, findings suggest a strong degree of cross-cultural and cross-gender construct compatibility, but also point to some notable exceptions, thereby providing ample material for theory-building and future research on transdiagnostic symptom and cognitive vulnerability measures across diverse groups.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Cross-Cultural and Gender Invariance of Five Common Symptom and Cognitive Vulnerability Measures in the United States and Singapore

Doren¹,

Zainal²,

Hong³

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…They may also have been more impacted by the higher number of deaths and difficulties during the crisis. Women show greater psychophysiological concordance and consistency than men [ 59 ], and may therefore present more psychological vulnerability [ 60 , 61 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The major worldwide stress of healthcare professionals during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic – the international COVISTRESS survey

et al. 2021

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Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has initiated an upheaval in society and has been the cause of considerable stress during this period. Healthcare professionals have been on the front line during this health crisis, particularly paramedical staff. The aim of this study was to assess the high level of stress of healthcare workers during the first wave of the pandemic. Materials and methods The COVISTRESS international study is a questionnaire disseminated online collecting demographic and stress-related data over the globe, during the pandemic. Stress levels were evaluated using non-calibrated visual analog scale, from 0 (no stress) to 100 (maximal stress). Results Among the 13,537 individuals from 44 countries who completed the survey from January to June 2020, we included 10,051 workers (including 1379 healthcare workers, 631 medical doctors and 748 paramedical staff). The stress levels during the first wave of the pandemic were 57.8 ± 33 in the whole cohort, 65.3 ± 29.1 in medical doctors, and 73.6 ± 27.7 in paramedical staff. Healthcare professionals and especially paramedical staff had the highest levels of stress (p < 0.001 vs non-healthcare workers). Across all occupational categories, women had systematically significantly higher levels of work-related stress than men (p < 0.001). There was a negative correlation between age and stress level (r = -0.098, p < 0.001). Healthcare professionals demonstrated an increased risk of very-high stress levels (>80) compared to other workers (OR = 2.13, 95% CI 1.87–2.41). Paramedical staff risk for very-high levels of stress was higher than doctors’ (1.88, 1.50–2.34). The risk of high levels of stress also increased in women (1.83, 1.61–2.09; p < 0.001 vs. men) and in people aged <50 (1.45, 1.26–1.66; p < 0.001 vs. aged >50). Conclusions The first wave of the pandemic was a major stressful event for healthcare workers, especially paramedical staff. Among individuals, women were the most at risk while age was a protective factor.

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“…Thus, the extent to which perceivers' physiology links up with targets' emotional arousal should be associated with greater empathic accuracy for targets' emotional arousal. Future work might try to capture ratings of both emotional valence and arousal to examine whether the effects do replicate (c.f., Rattel, Mauss, Liedlgruber, & Wilhelm, 2020).…”

Section: Limitations and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“I feel you”: Greater linkage between friends’ physiological responses and emotional experience is associated with greater empathic accuracy

Zerwas

Springstein

Karnilowicz

et al. 2021

Biological Psychology

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How do people come to know others' feelings? One idea is that affective processes (e.g., physiological responses) play an important role, leading to the prediction that linkage between one's physiological responses and others' emotions relates to one's ability to know how others feel (i.e., empathic accuracy). Participants (N = 96, 48 female friend pairs) completed a stressful speech task and then provided continuous ratings of their own (as "targets") and their friend's (as "perceivers") emotional experience for the video-taped speeches. We measured physiology-physiology linkage (linkage between perceivers' and targets' physiology), physiology-experience linkage (linkage between perceivers' physiology and targets' experience), and empathic accuracy (linkage between perceivers' ratings of targets' experience and targets' ratings of their experience). Physiology-experience (but not physiology-physiology) linkage was associated with greater empathic accuracy even when controlling for key potential confounds (random linkage, targets' and perceivers' emotional reactivity, and relationship closeness). Results suggest that physiological responses play a role in empathic accuracy.

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Sex differences in emotional concordance

Cited by 26 publications

References 95 publications

Cross-Cultural and Gender Invariance of Five Common Symptom and Cognitive Vulnerability Measures in the United States and Singapore

Cross-Cultural and Gender Invariance of Five Common Symptom and Cognitive Vulnerability Measures in the United States and Singapore

The major worldwide stress of healthcare professionals during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic – the international COVISTRESS survey

“I feel you”: Greater linkage between friends’ physiological responses and emotional experience is associated with greater empathic accuracy

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