Sex/Gender Differences in Brain Lateralisation and Connectivity

Hodgetts, Sophie; Hausmann, Markus

doi:10.1007/7854_2022_303

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 174 publications

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“…Despite these biological distinctions, no gender disparities were observed in the hyperactivation and deactivation variables. It’s pertinent to note that our sample comprises a non-clinical population, whereas extreme cases or clinical presentations of dominance behaviors often involve aggression, whether physical or verbal, directed externally or internally ( Gibson and Galea, 2023 ). In social species, aggression significantly contributes to establishing dominance hierarchies essential for group stability, granting dominant individuals’ advantages such as power, access to resources, and mating opportunities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In social species, aggression significantly contributes to establishing dominance hierarchies essential for group stability, granting dominant individuals’ advantages such as power, access to resources, and mating opportunities. Consequently, dominance and competitive aggression represent fundamental social strategies crucial for fostering and maintaining relationships in social species ( Gibson and Galea, 2023 ). Although aggression and dominance have biological and ethological foundations, problematic violent outbursts signify pathological conditions ( Miczek et al, 2007 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring the relationships between dominance behavioral system, mentalization, theory of mind and assertiveness: analysis in a non-clinical sample

Cerciello,

Esposito,

La Penna

et al. 2024

Front. Psychol.

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IntroductionThe dominance behavioral system, a fundamental aspect of human behavior, orchestrates the drive for dominance, regulates dominant-subordinate dynamics, and shapes responses to perceived power dynamics. While the existing literature extensively delves into the components of this system, scant attention is paid to its interplay with mentalization, theory of mind, and assertiveness. Moreover, gender disparities in dominance behaviors are largely studied in terms of biological variables (levels of testosterone) and clinical populations. This study aims to understand the relationships between activation strategies of the dominance behavioral system, mentalization processes, theory of mind abilities, and levels of social discomfort in assertive communication. Moreover, to identify gender differences in the dominance behavioral system in a non-clinical sample.MethodsOur sample was composed of 67 students from a non-clinical population. They claimed the absence of any psychological, neurological, or developmental disorders.ResultsA regression analysis was performed, and we found that levels of mentalization predict levels of hyperactivation of dominance behavioral system, but no significant results for the deactivation levels of the system were found. Moreover, no gender differences were found in levels of activations of the dominance behavioral system.ConclusionThese findings underscore the pivotal role of mentalization abilities in interpersonal dynamics, emphasizing the need for individuals to navigate social interactions adeptly. Furthermore, our research unveils implications for individual well-being and psychopathology, urging further investigation into how these dimensions intersect with various psychological disorders. By discerning the intricate mechanisms at play, we can develop targeted therapeutic interventions tailored to specific behavioral patterns, ultimately enhancing psychological resilience and fostering healthier social relationships in a non-clinical population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the relationships between dominance behavioral system, mentalization, theory of mind and assertiveness: analysis in a non-clinical sample

Cerciello,

Esposito,

La Penna

et al. 2024

Front. Psychol.

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“…However, we consider this risk to be relatively small as (a) no compatibility effects were found when piloting the tasks, and (b) the present study included left-and righthanders and no handedness effects were found. Third, laterality has been shown to be sex/gender sensitive [60,76,80] and although sex/gender differences were not in the focus of the present study, sex/gender of participants was recorded and included in the statistical analyses. Although sex/gender could have been better balanced across participants, the current results suggest that a much larger sample size would have been necessary to find significant sex/gender differences.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Lateral Bias in Visual Working Memory

et al. 2022

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The present study aimed to evaluate functional cerebral asymmetries of visual working memory (VWM) in relation to language lateralization. The bilateral change detection paradigm with capital letters as stimuli and the translingual lexical decision task were used to assess VWM and language asymmetry, respectively, in a sample of 99 younger healthy participants (59 women). Participant attention was cued towards right or left visual half-field. For the VWM task, men and women were more accurate and faster when stimuli were presented in the right visual half-field compared to the left visual half-field. As expected, a significant right visual half-field advantage was demonstrated in the lexical decision task in performance accuracy (but not response time). The results also revealed no relationship between lateralization in VWM and lexical decision. VWM performance accuracy decreased significantly with increasing asymmetry. This relationship was significant for women, but not men. Taken together, the present study demonstrates that the lateral bias in visual working memory is independent from language lateralization, and less lateralized individuals perform better than individuals with larger asymmetries in both visual half-field tasks.

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“…There is substantial evidence of sex differences in brain structure and function in adults, which may be present throughout the entire lifespan or emerge during development (103)(104)(105)(106)(107). In contrast, sex differences in metabolite levels are not clearly understood.…”

Section: Sexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harmonization of multi-scanner in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy: ENIGMA consortium task group considerations

et al. 2023

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Magnetic resonance spectroscopy is a powerful, non-invasive, quantitative imaging technique that allows for the measurement of brain metabolites that has demonstrated utility in diagnosing and characterizing a broad range of neurological diseases. Its impact, however, has been limited due to small sample sizes and methodological variability in addition to intrinsic limitations of the method itself such as its sensitivity to motion. The lack of standardization from a data acquisition and data processing perspective makes it difficult to pool multiple studies and/or conduct multisite studies that are necessary for supporting clinically relevant findings. Based on the experience of the ENIGMA MRS work group and a review of the literature, this manuscript provides an overview of the current state of MRS data harmonization. Key factors that need to be taken into consideration when conducting both retrospective and prospective studies are described. These include (1) MRS acquisition issues such as pulse sequence, RF and B0 calibrations, echo time, and SNR; (2) data processing issues such as pre-processing steps, modeling, and quantitation; and (3) biological factors such as voxel location, age, sex, and pathology. Various approaches to MRS data harmonization are then described including meta-analysis, mega-analysis, linear modeling, ComBat and artificial intelligence approaches. The goal is to provide both novice and experienced readers with the necessary knowledge for conducting MRS data harmonization studies.

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Sex/Gender Differences in Brain Lateralisation and Connectivity

Cited by 8 publications

References 174 publications

Exploring the relationships between dominance behavioral system, mentalization, theory of mind and assertiveness: analysis in a non-clinical sample

Exploring the relationships between dominance behavioral system, mentalization, theory of mind and assertiveness: analysis in a non-clinical sample

Lateral Bias in Visual Working Memory

Harmonization of multi-scanner in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy: ENIGMA consortium task group considerations

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