Sexual Behavior and Risk Practices of HIV Positive and HIV Negative Rwandan Women

Adedimeji, Adebola; Hoover, Donald R.; Shi, Qiuhu; Gard, Tracy; Mutimura, Eugene; Sinayobye, Jean d’Amour; Cohen, Mardge H.; Anastos, Kathryn

doi:10.1007/s10461-014-0964-z

Cited by 11 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Overall, 110,818 participants were included across articles. However, there was overlap in participants across four papers discussing child soldiers in Sierra Leone [ 22 – 25 ], in five papers discussing HIV-positive and negative women, half of whom survived rape during the genocide in Rwanda [ 26 – 30 ], in two papers from Uganda [ 31 , 32 ], and in two papers from the Wayo-Nero Study in Uganda [ 33 , 34 ]. The smallest study included 120 participants and the largest study included 71,504 participants.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In one Rwandan study, increased symptoms of PTSD were correlated with at least one of three HIV risk-taking behaviors ( r = 0.24, p = 0.0006) [ 35 ]. In another Rwandan study, women who had exchanged sex had greater odds of depression ( OR = 1.74, confidence interval (CI) 1.10, 2.76) and PTSD ( OR = 1.68, CI 1.19, 2.36) [ 30 ]. Women who used condoms at least 50% of the time had decreased odds of PTSD (OR = 0.60, CI 0.42, 0.86), but increased odds of elevated depression scores ( OR = 1.84, CI 1.20, 2.82) [ 30 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A scoping review of the associations between mental health and factors related to HIV acquisition and disease progression in conflict-affected populations

Koegler

Kennedy

2018

Confl Health

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The association between poor mental health and factors related to HIV acquisition and disease progression (also referred to as HIV-related factors) may be stronger among conflict-affected populations given elevated rates of mental health disorders. We conducted a scoping review of the literature to identify evidence-based associations between mental health (depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder [PTSD]) and factors related to HIV acquisition and progression in conflict-affected populations. Five electronic databases were searched on October 10, 2014 and updated on March 7, 2017 to identify peer-reviewed publications presenting primary data from January 1, 1994 to March 7, 2017. Articles were included if: 1) depression, anxiety, and/or PTSD was assessed using a validated scale, 2) HIV or HIV-related factors were a primary focus, 3) quantitative associations between depression/anxiety/PTSD and HIV or HIV-related factors were assessed, and 4) the study population was conflict-affected and from a conflict-affected setting. Of 714 citations identified, 33 articles covering 110,818 participants were included. Most were from sub-Saharan Africa (n = 25), five were from the USA, and one each was from the Middle East, Europe, and Latin America. There were 23 cross-sectional, 3 time-series, and 7 cohort studies. The search identified that mental health has been quantitatively associated with the following categories of HIV-related factors in conflict-affected populations: markers of HIV risk, HIV-related health status, sexual risk behaviors, and HIV risk exposures (i.e. sexual violence). Further, findings suggest that symptoms of poor mental health are associated with sexual risk behaviors and HIV markers, while HIV risk exposures and health status are associated with symptoms of poor mental health. Results suggest a role for greater integration and referrals across HIV and mental health programs for conflict-affected populations.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13031-018-0156-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A scoping review of the associations between mental health and factors related to HIV acquisition and disease progression in conflict-affected populations

Koegler

Kennedy

2018

Confl Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…All women who experienced genocidal rape were significantly more likely to engage in sexual activity in the last 6 months, but women living with HIV were significantly more likely to use condom at least 50 % of the time. Women who experienced genocidal rape were more likely to engage in transactional sex and were more likely to have had a non-HIV STI [49]. …”

Section: Trauma and Sexual Risk Behaviorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Recent Literature on Trauma Among Individuals Living with HIV

et al. 2015

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Persons living with HIV (PLWH) report disproportionately high levels of exposure to traumatic events in childhood and adulthood. Traumatic experiences are associated with negative health and behavioral outcomes. Current research in this area seeks to further explicate the myriad health effects of trauma on PLWH and the pathways through which trauma operates. In this paper, we review articles published in English between January 2014 and June 2015 that examine traumatic experiences among PLWH, including intimate partner violence (IPV), domestic abuse, child abuse, and other forms of violence. A selection of studies examining trauma among PLWH and its associations with mental health, antiretroviral medication adherence, clinical outcomes, HIV disclosure, and sexual risk behaviors were included. Studies describing trauma coping strategies and interventions were also included. We conclude with recommendations for care of trauma-exposed PLWH and directions for future research.

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“…In fact, PTSD predicts worse HIV-related outcomes for both women ( Katz and Nevid, 2005 ; Brownley et al, 2015 ) and men ( Yiaslas et al, 2014 ). Furthermore, increased emotional reactivity and stress can raise the risks to the larger community because along with increased nonadherence, elevated stress and emotional reactivity have been linked to increased sexual transmission risk behaviors ( Machtinger et al, 2012a ; O’Cleirigh et al, 2013 ; Adedimeji et al, 2014 ). Therefore, it is critically important to provide effective treatment for PLWH that suffer from PTSD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PTSD co-morbid with HIV: Separate but equal, or two parts of a whole?

Neigh

Rhodes

Valdez

et al. 2016

Neurobiology of Disease

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Approximately 30 million people currently live with HIV worldwide and the incidence of stress-related disorders, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), is elevated among people living with HIV as compared to those living without the virus. PTSD is a severely debilitating, stress-related psychiatric illness associated with trauma exposure. Patients with PTSD experience intrusive and fearful memories as well as flashbacks and nightmares of the traumatic event(s) for much of their lives, may avoid other people, and may be constantly on guard for new negative experiences. This review will delineate the information available to date regarding the comorbidity of PTSD and HIV and discuss the biological mechanisms which may contribute to the co-existence, and potential interaction of, these two disorders. Both HIV and PTSD are linked to altered neurobiology within areas of the brain involved in the startle response and altered function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Collectively, the data highlighted suggest that PTSD and HIV are more likely to actively interact than to simply co-exist within the same individual. Multi-faceted interactions between PTSD and HIV have the potential to alter response to treatment for either independent disorder. Therefore, it is of great importance to advance the understanding of the neurobiological substrates that are altered in comorbid PTSD and HIV such that the most efficacious treatments can be administered to improve both mental and physical health and reduce the spread of HIV.

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Sexual Behavior and Risk Practices of HIV Positive and HIV Negative Rwandan Women

Cited by 11 publications

References 54 publications

A scoping review of the associations between mental health and factors related to HIV acquisition and disease progression in conflict-affected populations

A scoping review of the associations between mental health and factors related to HIV acquisition and disease progression in conflict-affected populations

A Review of Recent Literature on Trauma Among Individuals Living with HIV

PTSD co-morbid with HIV: Separate but equal, or two parts of a whole?

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